PAPER-III

LINGUISTICS
Signature and Name of Invigilator
1.
(Signature)

(Name) Roll No.


2.
(Signature) (In figures as per admission card) (Name)




D 3 1 1 0

Roll (In words)
Time 2 1/2 hours] [Maximum Marks 200
Number of Pages in this Booklet 32 Number of Questions in this Booklet 19


Instructions for the Candidates

1.
Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page.

2.
Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself.


No Additional Sheets are to be used.

3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below
To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet.
Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given.
4.
Read instructions given inside carefully.

5.
One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet.

6.
If you write your name or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, you will render yourself liable to disqualification.

7.
You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall.

8.
Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen.

9.
Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.


wT t cli wm

1.
1 ttm t 1l t ti di1 Rt m l 1 Rt 31 Rt tm q Rt mm mu I

2.
m t 1 p m q 1 p i Rt ti 1 p ti dW Rt, 1 p l t i 1 p ti 1 t l 1 p ti q it mitl t t mRt 1 Rt tt mm mu l t I


rcli wm ci lr 3w ci F ci l I
w dw t ci

3. 1 Rt 1 1 p Rt 1 tt t t 1 Rt, 1 p i t itt it " I 1 ttm t 1 T1
i 3 1 l tT m t 3 1 tm t d i m mm mu " T1 ti
i t 1 p i u
mm mitl t " i " T1 3 1 l t t

l T m" i t 3 iRt
1 p i ut ti mm dti i Rt 1 t" 1 Rt m T i T " i
tm m i t .it m I um t t l mq t iRt-m i 1i i Rt iR t I
ci: w w w l R w >ci cli w w ciT ci l T t >ci ci m t wci l w l t I R l w w >ci wF i t w/w cii t t q 3 l t t Tw m i t t t 3 wciT 1 T w pci ciT . >wz w w >ci Tci ci t d T i d l m d w RT t T
ci cli w cli wm 3 w ci l w wi z wR l Fl I
ci m l m t I r t d cli q R l 3 w ciT w >ci w m T Fl T 3 t T 3 w ci l 3w i wR F I
w l

4.
3 itRt mitl t T l t m i t 1t I

i t 1


5.
dW Rt-1i iti 3 i11 i (Rough Work) iRt t ti mm ml i t t 1 ttm t i 1l t mitl t t3 t t I

6.
l mit 3 1 dW Rt-1i 1 Rt 31 l i t 1 m m"t 3 1 i 1 tt1 tt t ti, m i 1 1 T 1 Rt itt l 3 m i iRt t t t t 1 Rt 1 ti mm l t 3l iRt mitl t "

tTl t tml l T t I


7.
3 1 1 i m Rt 1 i tt titl t


i t 1 Rt 1 tt t t 1 Rt dW Rt-1 i t m 3l i t t 3 Rt t 1 Rt 1 1 ti q it 31t 1 Rt 1 1 t q ttRt m t iRt " l I

8.
cli: m Tm l/ci m l q m rkz w ci li m ci t

t T r I


9.
wciT 1 T w pci ci ci c>im lz m zl q m 3 wR ci w pl F I






D-31-10 P.T.O.

LINGUISTICS



S
F Fff f
RR
PAPER III
R
III

Note This paper is of two hundred marks containing four sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein.
RR m
20
0

3fcn cn i . q
f

4

mf i I 3 cn . cn . i m f . mi a m 3l T m T ma m c i I a n 3
SECTION I mmc
I
Note This section consists of two essay type questions of twenty marks each, to be answered in about five hundred words each. ×
20 40 marks)
R
mf 3fcn cn .a cn m i I ma cn m cn q

m lT T
500


. 3m maiI cfi

m (2 ×
20 40 f
c
1. Trace the developments in linguistics keeping in mind the paradigm shifts from 19th
century historicism to structuralism to cognitivism. mm cnm cn chn fmacnnmm a (paradigm shift), n l .n cn maim
acna ff f ff fm (cognitivism) m m a ff cnnmI I

OR f
f f

Language Pedagogy and Speech pathology have seen a major shift from direct application of linguistic studies to classrooms/clinics to emerging as an autonomous discipline, also contributing to enrich linguistics as a discipline. Discuss.
f T m cn 'mm3m T.3I m'mcn. m
m mm cn n .cn mi i I m chn fmacnnmm a (paradigm shift) m m a ff cnnmI I
2. Discuss the notions of top-down and bottom-up parsing.
3 T n (top-down) f .T n (bottom-up) m-mmf f3mm m

n cnnmI I
OR f
f

Give reasons for discarding D-structure and S-structure in principles and parameters. mm Aml f m n2 m fa (principles parameters theory) 3fa m cn ff (D-structure) f ff (S-structure) cn3 ncn cn cncn a I
OR f
f

Show how distinctive features are used in different phonological frameworks.
m m mm cn m fa m cn 3mlm mcn mcn i cn m iai?
OR f
f

Discuss the notion of communicative competence.
fm'm af3mm mfa i cn ffcnnmII
OR f
f

Write an essay on language as a tool to assess various kinds of speech/language
disorders.
.cn m cn (speech disorders) f cn (language disorders) cn .l fcn cn ml
mcn mcn mfaian

SECTION II
m
c
II
Note This section contains three questions from each of the electives/specializations.

The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialization and answer all the three questions from it. Each question carries fifteen marks and is to be answered in about three hundred words. ×
15 45 marks)
R
mf ma cn .cn cn Im f
R

3

m i I 3cn .cnAf . cn cnl Af cnIm cnf cn n cn a n m cn iI ma cn m
15

3fcn cn i
R
cn lT T f
R

300

3mmma iI ×
15 45 f
c
fi

Elective I
Ff
fi
I


3. What is meant by MRDs Examine the role of MRDs in computational linguistics.
.3 .n. f aam fT cn .3 .n. cn f mcn
4. What role does computer play in language teaching Examine it in relation to CALL and CALT. cfnm2 cnmcn fi? CALL f CALT cn f cnn m cnnmII
5. What is HPSG Examine its significance in computational linguistics.
HPSG f aam fT cn cn mcn cnn ff cnnmII
OR f
f
Elective II
Ff
fi
II


3. Critically examine the main problems with the principles and parameters theory.
fm m ml f m n2m facnn n3cnn nm cnnmII
4. What is meant by LF and PF movement
l..n. f mn..n. ffl f aam
5. Critically examine the salient features of DP analysis.
n.mn. m cn m m cnn nm cnnmI I
OR f
f

Elective III
Ff
fi
III


3. Show how the syllable emerged as an indispensable unit in phonology even though it was not recognised as a unit in SPE.
.mm SPE cn cn cn m 3m cnn fcnlm cncn il 3I m m cnn 3m cnn fcnlm cn 3mmi cn cn m cn3 iI nm cnnmI I
4. In phonological rule formulation Greek symbol variables always appear in sets and they are used even for expressing opposite values. Discuss. m mcn m lm Tncn mf. T mfaiai, 3 cn n-cn n m n l fm cn a iI ff cnnmI I
5. Differentiate between segmental phonology and suprasegmental phonology.
mfn m m cnn f mfa m m cnn 3fa m'2cnnmII
OR f
f

Elective IV
Ff
fi
IV

3. Discuss critically the notion of language standardization and its relevance.
cnncn cnn fcnlm f mmTam mcn mlI
4. Nehru's assurance that all scheduled languages were national languages was the beginning of an accommodative multilingual policy in India. Critically examine the statement.
Iill i cn 3 mcn ma cn 3 .mfa a cn
i m'cn nmacnm fi3I 3lfa cn ff cnnmII
5. Distinguish between Corpus planning and Status planning.
cnm mI (Corpus planning) f A mam I (Status planning) 3fa

. m cnnmI I
OR f
f
Elective V
Ff
fi
V

3. Does language have a neurological basis Examine how brain pathology can lead to language disorder.
f cn mcn 3 Aa mcn mcn mcn mcn I T cnI ai? ff cnnmI I
4. What models are used in the study of brain-language relationship Examine the significance of any one of such models.
ff cn 3 cn mma (models) m Tmcn Iai? mcn n cn .l m m a ffcnnmII
5. What are the three periods in the history of child language studies Discuss the period of diary studies.
l 'mcn 3 cn mai cn a n mmf n 3 f mma ff cnnmI I
SECTION III
m
c
III
Note This section contains nine questions of ten marks, each to be answered in


about fifty words. ×
10 90 marks)
R
mf
10
10

3fcn cn R

9

m iI ma cn m cn lTT q

50

3mmmaiI ×
10 90 f
c
fi

6. What is the mechanism of speech production
cn am m mchn mff cnnmII
7. Discuss the types of morphemes with suitable examples.
mcn mm mcn m i ff cnnmII
8.
Explain x-bar theory. x-bar m fa cn cnnmI I

9.
Differentiate connotation from denotation with suitable examples.


f f lm i cn3afm'2 cnnmI I
10. What are the assumptions of comparative method based on which the methodology of reconstruction was evolved
ala cn m m cn mm fimIcn 3 mmf m m mcnmcn i3?
11. Distinguish between code-mixing and code switching with suitable examples.
cn mi f cn mm a i cn3fa cnnmI I
12. How does the distinctive way in which mother's talk to the growing child contribute to language acquisition Discuss its major features.
a aiffcn mcn mcn acna n cn '3mT i mmchn f T
. 3m .
cn m mlm m ff cnnmI I

13. Distinguish between contrastive analysis and error analysis.
ma cnn m f m2 m 3fa cnnmI I
14. What is meant by areal classification of languages Explain.
'3cn mn Tcn f3 cnnmII
SECTION IV m
c
IV
Note This section contains five questions of five marks each based on the following passage. Each question should be answered in about thirty words. ×
5 25 marks)
R
mf m mlmmammf m3 ma q

5

m iI ma cn m cn lT T f

30

3m mmaiI ma cn m q

5

3fcn cniI ×
5 25 f
c
fi

The term "variety of language" can be used to refer to different manifestations of language in just the same way as one might use music as a general phenomenon and then distinguish different "varieties of music". What makes one variety of language different from another is the linguistic items that it includes, so we may define a variety of language as a set of linguistic items with similar social distribution.
D-31-10 26
The definition allows us to call any of the following "varieties of language" English, French, London English, the English of football commentaries, the languages used by the members of a particular long-house in the North-West Amazon, the language or languages used by a particular person.
The definition of variety given above, and the examples given in the list, suggest even greater departures from the linguistic tradition. It will be noticed that it is consistent with the definition to treat all the languages of some multilingual speaker, or community, as a single variety, since all the linguistic items concerned have a similar social distribution they are used by the same speaker or community. That is, a variety may be much larger than a lay 'language', including a number of different languages. Conversely, according to the definition a variety may contain just a handful of items, or even in the extreme case a single item, if it is defined in terms of the range of speakers or circumstances with which it is associated. For instance, one might define a variety consisting of those items used solely by some particular family or village. Thus a variety can be much smaller than a 'language' or even than a 'dialect'. The flexibility of the term 'variety' allows us to ask what basis there is for postulating the kinds of "package' of linguistic items to which we conventionally give labels like 'language', or register. It is because the items form themselves into natural bundles, bound together by a tight set of interlocking structural relations of some kind, as has always been suggested by the structuralist tradition of twentieth century.
In conclusion, discussions of language in relation to society, will consist of statements which refer, on the 'language' side, to either individual linguistic items or varieties, which are sets of such items. There are no restrictions on the relations among varieties they may overlap and one variety may include another. The defining characteristics of each variety is the relevant relation in society in other words, by whom, and when, the items concerned are used.
I fTnacn mm cn m fTna cnn fm n Ian i n mcn 3m Afa cn m m m cn fcna cn cn ml " m cnlm Imcn " (variety) cn m T mcn IaiI cncn 3 m m iaimcn cn -cn mliI
ml mcn cn cn 2cniI cna imI mIcn m a aiI
mm cn 3 m i m mlmma mcn n cn mcn cni cnai 3fTI nf, l f
fATl t n2 l cn 2 n cnn 3fTIn, Af n 3Icn mcn n ..a
tt mcn n m 'Afa.m fa nm 'mcnlm Imcn cnn Imm n T i3 f f n I i mTi cnn m fm cntnn l cn fcnamla iI i i n ma flT mcn im m
Ta.' mcn n i m'cn cnn '3cn cn in 'mcn cn m ncn cnan i f mcn n m'cn cn mIcn ma I cn in fa3 I.mfaI 'mcn 3 cnil 3mcn ia ml cna n i mI 3lT-3lT I mliI cn mmna mcn cn nma i cna n iIi fa3 mm cn 3 m m m cn I
i cn ml 'mcn cn m m 3 T I m .mfa n mcn 3 m
n mm m'acnn I cnan iI 'mcn ln cnn 3mmlai cnan iI
" mcn " n fm I cn i m imcn i cn Ti fcn l m AfaI cn cn cn 3 iI cnaiI ml f imcn f mcn ­m f cn mcnmacn m 3a f ff a cn .fl an iI
. fT ma
n in ffa cn m m n .TiI

cnm ii f Icn mff fa mlT mI cn f il 3 'mcn mffi Tn I 'mcn cn m m m cn mma il i m m Amacnn A mai cna n i cn cn n i cna iI ma cn 'mcn cn mm m'cn lm I mfa m3mai3acn mcn cn
cnm Tmcn I cnaiI
15.
What do you understand by the term 'Variety of language'
mcn f aam


16.
What examples of varieties of languages are given here
mcn cn mcn i cn llm mcn T


17.
Why do you think that the definition of 'variety' given here is departing from the linguistic tradition mfmTa Tf n T cn cnn mm mcn mcn m ff cnnmI I

18.
On what basis are conventional labels 'language' 'dialect' or 'register' given m fmm cn Afa mcn 3 m m Iai?

19.
What is the purpose of the author for writing this passage Discuss.


mfaT f cn lmcn, i cnilmmlm cnf fa ffcnnmII
Space For Rough Work

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Marks Obtained
Question Number Marks Obtained
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Total Marks Obtained (in words) ...........................................
(in figures) ..........................................
Signature Name of the Coordinator ...................................
(Evaluation) Date .........................

D-31-10 32