Exam Details
Subject | public administration | |
Paper | paper 3 | |
Exam / Course | ugc net national eligibility test | |
Department | ||
Organization | university grants commission | |
Position | ||
Exam Date | December, 2010 | |
City, State | , |
Question Paper
PAPER-III
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Signature and Name of Invigilator
1.
(Signature)
(Name) Roll No.
2.
(Signature) (In figures as per admission card) (Name)
D 1 4 1 0
Roll (In words)
Time 2 1/2 hours] [Maximum Marks 200
Number of Pages in this Booklet 32 Number of Questions in this Booklet 19
Instructions for the Candidates
1.
Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page.
2.
Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself.
No Additional Sheets are to be used.
3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below
To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet.
Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given.
4.
Read instructions given inside carefully.
5.
One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet.
6.
If you write your name or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, you will render yourself liable to disqualification.
7.
You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall.
8.
Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen.
9.
Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.
wT t cli wm
1.
1 ttm t 1l t ti di1 Rt m l 1 Rt 31 Rt tm q Rt mm mu I
2.
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4.
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5.
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6.
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7.
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8.
cli: m Tm l/ci m l q m rkz w ci li m ci t
t T r I
9.
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D-14-10 P.T.O.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
f
o
n
ww
PAPER III
ww
w
III
Note This paper is of two hundred marks containing four sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein.
f .
4
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20
0
3fcn cn i T
I 3
m f . mi a m. a i.n 3
3l T mi f . T f . ma m c i. i I
SECTION I
I
Note This section consists of two essay type questions of twenty marks each, to be answered in about five hundred words each. ×
20 40 marks)
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T
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s00
.i 3m .maiI ×
20 40 fon
. f
1. Memorandum of understanding acts as a link between a central public undertaking and concerned administrative ministry for improved performance. Comment.
$a.m c.nrfl .cn .a ram m cn lfc.n rf am,m mai.a cn cn
.mcn ..r cncn mm r cn I
cn a iI m.rm
OR I
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act has transformed the representative democracy into participatory democracy at the grass-roots. Comment.
73 fmr3mf .r. a la mrl .cna cn. iTr l .cna
r mf mmamm. m ama cn mifiI m.rm
mm r cn I
2. Passing of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, is a landmark decision for millions of children of the country. Comment.
cn . m :lcn 33m f3mrcn 3mrmf, 2009 cnm i.c.n l m c.n ml cn
h m
i m h mhfiI m mm r cnrm I
OR I
We do not need more government. We need better government. To be more precise, we need better governance. Comment.
i3mrcn cn . .ia cnmi I fmi f .m cni a . i .iamiI
i mi I i mmm r cnrm I
SECTION II
II
Note This section contains three questions from each of the electives/specializations.
The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialization and answer all the three questions from it. Each question carries fifteen marks and is to be answered in about three hundred words. ×
15 45 marks)
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3
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1
s
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w
lT T
30
0
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15 45 f
on
Elective I
T
on
I
3. "Policy Science is broadly concerned with improved methods, knowledge and systems Comment.
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4. "Bureaucrats are the mainspring for policy making" Comment.
rmam hi.a cnimfm ...ai.a. iI mmm r cnrm I
5. Discuss the problems of public policy making with reference to India.
ac.n ih l.cnrmam hcnr f3cnm . cnrm I
O
R
I
Elective II
T
on
II
3. Critically analyse the role of voluntary organisations and explain how voluntary organisations contribute towards social development.
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4. Identify the factors that hinder the growth of Social Welfare Administration.
m cn cnlf m c.n m cn 3 .r cn cn cn cn . .mfmcna cnrm I
5. Discuss the reforms in education sector in India after Independence.
a afac..m . r cnm . cnrm In m a
O
R
I
Elective III T
on
III
3. Discuss the role of Public Sector Undertakings in developing the economy of India.
acnr 3 h f c.n mcn l.cn ..cnr mcncn m . cnrm I
4. Discuss the problems of accountability of Public Enterprises in India.
al.cn mcn c.n imfa cnr f3cnm . cnrm I
5. Analyse the reasons for the low performance of Public Sector Undertakings in India.
a l.cn .. cnr m m,m mac.n cn cnr m . cnrm I
O
R
I
Elective IV T
on
I
V
3.
"Local Government is still the neglected area of governance." Comment.
" rf cn3 r r cn cn m.m a .iI" mmm r cnrm I
4.
Analyse the impact of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act on the working of Urban Local bodies in India.
a Trf rfmcnfm 74 fmr f .r3mrmf c.n m cn m l., cnrm I
5. Bring out the efficacy of State control over Panchayati Raj in India.
a mf far m fc.n mff cnr m rlacn . fmTacnrm I
O
R
I
Elective V T
on
V
3. What are the determinants of Rural Development Explain.
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4. "Providing clean environment and efficient transport system are the two major challenges faced by the Urban Development Authorities." Comment. " aj mf h f cnlf af am lr mlrcn T rf m cn mmrcn c.n i. mf
maf iI" mmm r cnrm I
5. "National Capital Region requires Master Plan for its sustainable development" Elucidate.
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SECTION III
III
Note This section contains nine questions of ten marks, each to be answered in about fifty words. × 10 90 marks)
mf
10
10
3fcn . c.n
9
m i I maf.cn m cn lT T w
T
s0
i 3m .m aiI ×
10 90 f
on
6.
'New Public Management is the revival of Post-Taylorism.' Comment.
l.cn m r -.l icnm mmm r cnrm I
7.
Examine the contribution of F.W. Taylor to Management Theory.
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.n. lf
8. How does Comparative Public Administration differ from Traditional Administration Explain.
al a cn l .cn m m mTam . cn . m $f. I
9. Examine the problems of administration in developing countries.
m cn rli. cnr m m cn cnm. f cn m r cnrm I
10. 'Civil Service is a professional body of officials, permanent, paid and skilled.
(H. Finer). Explain.
.cn . f .a .T r f i l .T cnr f mfcn f . n h I
11. Distinguish between Ministry and Department.
flf3 m T .icnrm I
12. Bring out the objectives of social science research.
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13. 'Local bodies are still starving for funds.' Comment.
rf f3r r mmrfc.n ml air iI mmm r cnrm I
14. Explain the role of voluntary agencies in the process of development of social justice in India.
a m cn ffc.n m cn cnr m mcnf ajcn f 3cnr mcn cnrm I
SECTION IV
I
V
Note This section contains five questions of five marks each based on the
following passage. Each question should be answered in about thirty words. ×
5 25 marks)
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T
s
m i I maf.cn m cn lT T
30
i 3m.m aiI maf.cn m w
T
s
3fcn cniI ×
5 25 f
on
Read the passage below, and answer the questions that follow based on your understanding of the passage
The main concern of policy sciences is with the understanding and improvement of macro-control systems and especially public policymaking systems. In addition to overall improvement-oriented study of such systems, the main foci of policy sciences include, for example, policy analysis, which provides heuristic methods for identification of preferable policy alternatives; alternative innovation, which deals with the invention of new designs and possibilities to be considered in policymaking; master policies (or megapolicies), which provide postures, assumptions, strategies, and main guidelines to be followed by specific policies; evaluation and feedback, including, for instance, social indicators, social experimentation, and organizational learning; and improvement of metapolicy, that is, "policy on policymaking," through redesign and novadesign of the public policymaking system, its organizational components, selection and training of its personnel, and reconstruction of its communication and information network. While the main test of policy sciences is better achievement of considered goals through more effective and efficient policies, policy sciences as such is in the main not directly concerned with the substantive contents of discrete policy problems (which should be dealt with by the relevant normal sciences), but rather with improved methods, knowledge and systems for better policymaking.
The traditional boundaries between disciplines and especially between the various behavioural sciences and decision disciplines, must be broken down. Policy sciences must integrate knowledge from a variety of branches of knowledge and build it up into a supradiscipline focusing on public policymaking. In particular, policy sciences is based upon a fusion between behavioural sciences and analytical decision approaches. But it also absorbs many elements from decision theory, general systems theory, organization theory, operations research, strategic analysis, systems engineering, and similar modern areas of study. Physical and life sciences are also relied upon, insofar as they are relevant.
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.m irm rma m cnmf m ,fii mfff33m .,a rma-m hf3cn. 3 r cn iI . r f 3 cn T r .m r 3rff cn . cn.-rma cn.mfm i m mlmmaif rma m l., m c.n 3a Tfha mf m . rma ffr r m cnlm cnr mi i.a fmf
(Heuristic) m maf cn. i.ai cnlmcn fm m c.n 3fa Thaf. m ma f 3c.n 3 m ,cn ih a. i m m rmaf(Mega Policies), m c.n 3faTha m rmaf.mi mi a f a rmaf cn . mi a mcnf a i lf fcn a maf cn. mi a mcnf a i m c.n 3a Tfha m cn fc.nacn, m cn mr 3 fT . a cn m 3a. m rma(metapolicy) cn
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mlri a mm m rmam cn mfa . r m cn rmaTa f3(m m fT a f m c.n 3a Tfham mcnf ai) cnr im h m . rr f frii.ai l.mcn .i a rma hc.
n ml
cn f fr am maf 3f . i.aiI fi mcn m a mhf m ,fcn. rmfmTa r3 cn. r a cn i. mi I rmam cn. cnrcna cn . a cnr mm m3 cn . . a. i cn . . im ,f(Supra-Discipline) m rf cnm a cn mi . rmam h cn. a mi cn.I m .,a rma m cn3r fim cn m a ml., a cn rma m T cnff. i. mi I l.mcn .
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15.
What do you understand by 'Supra-Discipline'
im . 3m f $a.
16.
Enumerate the steps of policy process.
rmam mcnf c.n cnr mmT cnrm I
17. Define general systems theory.
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18. What is the utility of policy on policy making in respect to formulation of a mega
policy i rma c.n m h c.n cn rmam hm rma cnr f mf .mTa
19. What do you understand by 'heuristic' in the process of Decision Making and Policy Analysis mhf f rmam l., f mf . 3m f .
Space For Rough Work
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Marks Obtained
Question Number Marks Obtained
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Total Marks Obtained (in words) ...........................................
(in figures) ..........................................
Signature Name of the Coordinator ...................................
(Evaluation) Date .........................
D-14-10 32
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Signature and Name of Invigilator
1.
(Signature)
(Name) Roll No.
2.
(Signature) (In figures as per admission card) (Name)
D 1 4 1 0
Roll (In words)
Time 2 1/2 hours] [Maximum Marks 200
Number of Pages in this Booklet 32 Number of Questions in this Booklet 19
Instructions for the Candidates
1.
Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page.
2.
Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself.
No Additional Sheets are to be used.
3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below
To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet.
Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given.
4.
Read instructions given inside carefully.
5.
One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet.
6.
If you write your name or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, you will render yourself liable to disqualification.
7.
You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall.
8.
Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen.
9.
Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.
wT t cli wm
1.
1 ttm t 1l t ti di1 Rt m l 1 Rt 31 Rt tm q Rt mm mu I
2.
m t 1 p m q 1 p i Rt ti 1 p ti dW Rt, 1 p l t i 1 p ti 1 t l 1 p ti q it mitl t t mRt 1 Rt tt mm mu l t I
rcli wm ci lr 3w ci F ci l I
w dw t ci
3. 1 Rt 1 1 p Rt 1 tt t t 1 Rt, 1 p i t itt it " I 1 ttm t 1 T1
i 3 1 l tT m t 3 1 tm t d i m mm mu " T1 ti
i t 1 p i u
mm mitl t " i " T1 3 1 l t t
l T m" i t 3 iRt
1 p i ut ti mm dti i Rt 1 t" 1 Rt m T i T " i
tm m i t .it m I um t t l mq t iRt-m i 1i i Rt iR t I
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4.
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5.
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6.
l mit 3 1 dW Rt-1i 1 Rt 31 l i t 1 m m"t 3 1 i 1 tt1 tt t ti, m i 1 1 T 1 Rt itt l 3 m i iRt t t t t 1 Rt 1 ti mm l t 3l iRt mitl t "
tTl t tml l T t I
7.
3 1 1 i m Rt 1 i tt titl t
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8.
cli: m Tm l/ci m l q m rkz w ci li m ci t
t T r I
9.
wciT 1 T w pci ci ci c>im lz m zl q m 3 wR ci w pl F I
D-14-10 P.T.O.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
f
o
n
ww
PAPER III
ww
w
III
Note This paper is of two hundred marks containing four sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein.
f .
4
mf i f f cn . . cn . i m
20
0
3fcn cn i T
I 3
m f . mi a m. a i.n 3
3l T mi f . T f . ma m c i. i I
SECTION I
I
Note This section consists of two essay type questions of twenty marks each, to be answered in about five hundred words each. ×
20 40 marks)
mf ww 3fcnc.n .acn m iI maf.cn cn lTT w
T
w wmr
s00
.i 3m .maiI ×
20 40 fon
. f
1. Memorandum of understanding acts as a link between a central public undertaking and concerned administrative ministry for improved performance. Comment.
$a.m c.nrfl .cn .a ram m cn lfc.n rf am,m mai.a cn cn
.mcn ..r cncn mm r cn I
cn a iI m.rm
OR I
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act has transformed the representative democracy into participatory democracy at the grass-roots. Comment.
73 fmr3mf .r. a la mrl .cna cn. iTr l .cna
r mf mmamm. m ama cn mifiI m.rm
mm r cn I
2. Passing of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, is a landmark decision for millions of children of the country. Comment.
cn . m :lcn 33m f3mrcn 3mrmf, 2009 cnm i.c.n l m c.n ml cn
h m
i m h mhfiI m mm r cnrm I
OR I
We do not need more government. We need better government. To be more precise, we need better governance. Comment.
i3mrcn cn . .ia cnmi I fmi f .m cni a . i .iamiI
i mi I i mmm r cnrm I
SECTION II
II
Note This section contains three questions from each of the electives/specializations.
The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialization and answer all the three questions from it. Each question carries fifteen marks and is to be answered in about three hundred words. ×
15 45 marks)
mf maf.cn acn cn h a .
3
m iI 3f. c.nl cn acn cn h
. j . cn . jm a cn . cn r c.n ar m cn i. iI maf.cn m
1
s
3fcn cni cn
w
lT T
30
0
i 3m.m aiI ×
15 45 f
on
Elective I
T
on
I
3. "Policy Science is broadly concerned with improved methods, knowledge and systems Comment.
rmam fmcn m . am mlf f . .iI mmm r mlmm I
4. "Bureaucrats are the mainspring for policy making" Comment.
rmam hi.a cnimfm ...ai.a. iI mmm r cnrm I
5. Discuss the problems of public policy making with reference to India.
ac.n ih l.cnrmam hcnr f3cnm . cnrm I
O
R
I
Elective II
T
on
II
3. Critically analyse the role of voluntary organisations and explain how voluntary organisations contribute towards social development.
ajcn 3m cn cnr mcncn3l . a cn ml., cn a . i af. mcn ajcn 3mcn m cn m cn c.n ml cn . f .T i cn a .
4. Identify the factors that hinder the growth of Social Welfare Administration.
m cn cnlf m c.n m cn 3 .r cn cn cn cn . .mfmcna cnrm I
5. Discuss the reforms in education sector in India after Independence.
a afac..m . r cnm . cnrm In m a
O
R
I
Elective III T
on
III
3. Discuss the role of Public Sector Undertakings in developing the economy of India.
acnr 3 h f c.n mcn l.cn ..cnr mcncn m . cnrm I
4. Discuss the problems of accountability of Public Enterprises in India.
al.cn mcn c.n imfa cnr f3cnm . cnrm I
5. Analyse the reasons for the low performance of Public Sector Undertakings in India.
a l.cn .. cnr m m,m mac.n cn cnr m . cnrm I
O
R
I
Elective IV T
on
I
V
3.
"Local Government is still the neglected area of governance." Comment.
" rf cn3 r r cn cn m.m a .iI" mmm r cnrm I
4.
Analyse the impact of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act on the working of Urban Local bodies in India.
a Trf rfmcnfm 74 fmr f .r3mrmf c.n m cn m l., cnrm I
5. Bring out the efficacy of State control over Panchayati Raj in India.
a mf far m fc.n mff cnr m rlacn . fmTacnrm I
O
R
I
Elective V T
on
V
3. What are the determinants of Rural Development Explain.
Trmcn c.n mr h cn .fi? m,cnrm I
4. "Providing clean environment and efficient transport system are the two major challenges faced by the Urban Development Authorities." Comment. " aj mf h f cnlf af am lr mlrcn T rf m cn mmrcn c.n i. mf
maf iI" mmm r cnrm I
5. "National Capital Region requires Master Plan for its sustainable development" Elucidate.
,rf r r . cn. 3m . fm.m,amcn c.n ml ml cnr 3 fcnaiI f mf cnrm I
SECTION III
III
Note This section contains nine questions of ten marks, each to be answered in about fifty words. × 10 90 marks)
mf
10
10
3fcn . c.n
9
m i I maf.cn m cn lT T w
T
s0
i 3m .m aiI ×
10 90 f
on
6.
'New Public Management is the revival of Post-Taylorism.' Comment.
l.cn m r -.l icnm mmm r cnrm I
7.
Examine the contribution of F.W. Taylor to Management Theory.
m rm ac.n . . .l c.n f .T i cnmr cnrm I
.n. lf
8. How does Comparative Public Administration differ from Traditional Administration Explain.
al a cn l .cn m m mTam . cn . m $f. I
9. Examine the problems of administration in developing countries.
m cn rli. cnr m m cn cnm. f cn m r cnrm I
10. 'Civil Service is a professional body of officials, permanent, paid and skilled.
(H. Finer). Explain.
.cn . f .a .T r f i l .T cnr f mfcn f . n h I
11. Distinguish between Ministry and Department.
flf3 m T .icnrm I
12. Bring out the objectives of social science research.
m .rc.n ..f cnm irm I
13. 'Local bodies are still starving for funds.' Comment.
rf f3r r mmrfc.n ml air iI mmm r cnrm I
14. Explain the role of voluntary agencies in the process of development of social justice in India.
a m cn ffc.n m cn cnr m mcnf ajcn f 3cnr mcn cnrm I
SECTION IV
I
V
Note This section contains five questions of five marks each based on the
following passage. Each question should be answered in about thirty words. ×
5 25 marks)
m m mlmmamm a.jim3rma w
T
s
m i I maf.cn m cn lT T
30
i 3m.m aiI maf.cn m w
T
s
3fcn cniI ×
5 25 f
on
Read the passage below, and answer the questions that follow based on your understanding of the passage
The main concern of policy sciences is with the understanding and improvement of macro-control systems and especially public policymaking systems. In addition to overall improvement-oriented study of such systems, the main foci of policy sciences include, for example, policy analysis, which provides heuristic methods for identification of preferable policy alternatives; alternative innovation, which deals with the invention of new designs and possibilities to be considered in policymaking; master policies (or megapolicies), which provide postures, assumptions, strategies, and main guidelines to be followed by specific policies; evaluation and feedback, including, for instance, social indicators, social experimentation, and organizational learning; and improvement of metapolicy, that is, "policy on policymaking," through redesign and novadesign of the public policymaking system, its organizational components, selection and training of its personnel, and reconstruction of its communication and information network. While the main test of policy sciences is better achievement of considered goals through more effective and efficient policies, policy sciences as such is in the main not directly concerned with the substantive contents of discrete policy problems (which should be dealt with by the relevant normal sciences), but rather with improved methods, knowledge and systems for better policymaking.
The traditional boundaries between disciplines and especially between the various behavioural sciences and decision disciplines, must be broken down. Policy sciences must integrate knowledge from a variety of branches of knowledge and build it up into a supradiscipline focusing on public policymaking. In particular, policy sciences is based upon a fusion between behavioural sciences and analytical decision approaches. But it also absorbs many elements from decision theory, general systems theory, organization theory, operations research, strategic analysis, systems engineering, and similar modern areas of study. Physical and life sciences are also relied upon, insofar as they are relevant.
m mm a.jicn . mma 3T . mi T m c.n mm a.jicnr 3m r cn r c.n 3r
.m irm rma m cnmf m ,fii mfff33m .,a rma-m hf3cn. 3 r cn iI . r f 3 cn T r .m r 3rff cn . cn.-rma cn.mfm i m mlmmaif rma m l., m c.n 3a Tfha mf m . rma ffr r m cnlm cnr mi i.a fmf
(Heuristic) m maf cn. i.ai cnlmcn fm m c.n 3fa Thaf. m ma f 3c.n 3 m ,cn ih a. i m m rmaf(Mega Policies), m c.n 3faTha m rmaf.mi mi a f a rmaf cn . mi a mcnf a i lf fcn a maf cn. mi a mcnf a i m c.n 3a Tfha m cn fc.nacn, m cn mr 3 fT . a cn m 3a. m rma(metapolicy) cn
r3ha rma hf cn.fT. a cn .cn, c.n cn cn cnf3mm 3 c.n fm 3 af cnr m cnm m3 mc.n rf . af cnr . l r " rmam h cnr rma " 3a r iI f.mm rmam cn mfmr 3mrcn m r 3i rmafcn.rf . m m a lf cnr .ia
mlri a mm m rmam cn mfa . r m cn rmaTa f3(m m fT a f m c.n 3a Tfham mcnf ai) cnr im h m . rr f frii.ai l.mcn .i a rma hc.
n ml
cn f fr am maf 3f . i.aiI fi mcn m a mhf m ,fcn. rmfmTa r3 cn. r a cn i. mi I rmam cn. cnrcna cn . a cnr mm m3 cn . . a. i cn . . im ,f(Supra-Discipline) m rf cnm a cn mi . rmam h cn. a mi cn.I m .,a rma m cn3r fim cn m a ml., a cn rma m T cnff. i. mi I l.mcn .
mhf m fa, ff mT fT . m fa, m l3rf, rmacn m l., f 3mf .m cnr a r mcn c.n 3f3rm cn 3rff . c.n a cn. rma m Ti cnl. mi I iacn m fmT cn i . macn a rm m r m mcn mcnf miI
15.
What do you understand by 'Supra-Discipline'
im . 3m f $a.
16.
Enumerate the steps of policy process.
rmam mcnf c.n cnr mmT cnrm I
17. Define general systems theory.
f f mT cn . mm m,a cnrm I
18. What is the utility of policy on policy making in respect to formulation of a mega
policy i rma c.n m h c.n cn rmam hm rma cnr f mf .mTa
19. What do you understand by 'heuristic' in the process of Decision Making and Policy Analysis mhf f rmam l., f mf . 3m f .
Space For Rough Work
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Marks Obtained
Question Number Marks Obtained
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2
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5
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9
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Total Marks Obtained (in words) ...........................................
(in figures) ..........................................
Signature Name of the Coordinator ...................................
(Evaluation) Date .........................
D-14-10 32
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