Signature and Name of Invigilator
Roll No.


1.
(Signature)

(In figures as per admission card) (Name)

2.
(Signature) Roll (In words)


(Name)

J 1 0 1 0

Test Booklet No.
Time 2 1/2 hours] [Maximum Marks 200

PAPER-III
SOCIAL WORK

Number of Pages in this Booklet 24 Number of Questions in this Booklet 26

Instructions for the Candidates

1.
Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page.

2.
Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself.


No Additional Sheets are to be used.

3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below
To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet.
Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given.
4.
Read instructions given inside carefully.

5.
One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet.

6.
If you write your name or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, you will render yourself liable to disqualification.

7.
You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall.

8.
Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen.

9.
Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.


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J-1010 P.T.O.

SOCIAL WORK


ÃÖ´ÖÖ•Ö .úÖµÖÔ

PAPER III
¯ÖÏ¿-Ö¯Ö¡Ö III
Note This paper is of two hundred marks containing four sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein.
-ÖÖê™ü µÖÆü ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö¯Ö¡Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî †Ó.úÖë .úÖ ÆüÖÓ ‡ÃÖ´Öë "ÖÖ¸ü .ÖÓ›ü Æüï… †³µÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë .úÖê ‡-Ö´Öë ÃÖ´ÖÖ×ÆüŸÖ ¯Ö¿-ÏÖÖë .ú ˆ¢êÖ¸ü Ö ÖÖê éìÖú†-ãÖ¤Æü
†»Ö.פüµê .µÖ×¾ÖÃŸÖŸÖ ×-Ö¤ü¿Öë .êÖÃÖ¸ü î…
SECTION I
.Ö.›ü I
Note This section consists of two essay type questions of twenty marks each, to be


answered in about five hundred words each. (2 ×
20 40 marks)
‡Ã.ÖÓü Öë Ó.úë êüê ×-Ö²ÖÖÖŸ´.ú ¯¿-ÏÖ Æï… ¯ÏÖê¿-ÏÖ .úÖ Ö¸ü »Ö.Ö.Ñ"Ö ÃÖÖî ¿Ö²¤üë
™Ö ›´²ÖßÃÖ­²ÖßÃÖ †Ö.ú ÖŸµ.ú¯Öˆ¢Ö³Ö¯ÖÖÖ´Öë †¯Ö×.êÖŸÖ Æüî… ×
20 40 †.úÓ)
1. How far the new act on 'Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education' can contribute for the development of Human Capital in India
•ú×¾
'×-Ö:¿Ö».ú ‹¾ãÖÓ †×-Ö¾ÖÖµÖÔ ²ÖÖ»Ö ×¿Ö.ÖÖ †×¬Ö.úÖ¸ü' .úÖ †×¬Ö×-ÖµÖ´Ö ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ ´Öë ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö ¯ÖæÑÖß .êÖ.úÖÃÖ ´Öë
.úÆüÖÑ ŸÖ.ú µÖÖ.êÖ¤üÖ-Ö ¤êü ÃÖ.úŸÖÖ Æîü
OR †£Ö¾ÖÖ
Community based social work practice is more relevant in Indian context. Comment. '³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ ÃÖ¤Óü³ÖÔ ´Öë ÃÖ´Öã¤üÖµÖ †Ö¬ÖÖ׸üŸÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖ•Ö .úÖµÖÔ .Ö¡êÖßµÖ .úÖµÖÔ †³µÖÖÃÖ †×¬Ö.ú ¯ÖÏÖÃÖÓ×.Ö.ú Æî ×™ü¯¯Ö.Öß
.ú¸ëü …
2. "Integrated approach in social work practice can alleviate social problems."
Justify.
"ÃÖ´ÖÖ•Ö .úÖµÖÔ †³µÖÖÃÖ ´Öë ‹.úß.éúŸÖ †×³Ö.Ö´Ö ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú ÃÖ´ÖõÖÖ†Öë .úÖê .ú´Ö .ú¸ü ÃÖ.úŸÖÖ Æîü …" ‡ÃÖ .ú£Ö-Ö
.êú †Öî×"ÖŸµÖ ¯Ö¸ü "Ö"ÖÖÔ .úßו֋ …
OR †£Ö¾ÖÖ
How macro level developmental models brought environmental social
movements in India Discuss.
×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü ÃÖê ÃÖ´ÖÛ™ü ßָüßµÖ ×¾Ö.úÖÃÖ ´ÖÖò›ü»ÖÖë «üÖ¸üÖ ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ¾ÖÂÖÔ ´Öë ¯ÖµÖÖÔ¾Ö¸ü.Ö ÃÖ´²Ö-¬Öß ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú †Ö-¤üÖê»Ö-Ö
.úÖê פüµÖÖ .ÖµÖÖ Æîü ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßו֋ …


SECTION II .Ö.›ü II
Note This section contains three questions from each of the electives/specializations. The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialization and answer all the three questions from it. Each question carries fifteen marks and is to be answered in about three hundred words. ×
15 45 marks)
‡Ã.Ö›ü Öë ¯ÏÖêÛ"".ú ‡.úÖ‡/ ×¾Ö¿ÖÂÖ-ÖŸÖÖŸÖß-Ö ¯ÖÏÖ Æï… †³µÖ£á .úê êÖ»Ö ‹.ú ‹ê"".ú ‡.ú‡Ô™Ö Ó´ÖŸµ.ú‹êûÔ êÖÃê ¿-ü ÖÖ.ú¾ÛûÖ/ ×¾Ö¿ÖÂêÖ-ÖŸÖÖ .úÖê "Ö-ãÖ.ú¸ü ˆÃÖß .êú ¯Ö¿-ÏÖÖë .úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü ¤üê-ÖÖ Æüî… ¯ÖŸµÏÖ.ú ¯êÖÏ¿-Ö ¯Ö-¦üÆü †.úÓÖë .úÖ Æîü ¾Ö ˆÃÖ.úÖ
ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö.Ö³Ö.Ö ÃÖÖî ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … ×
15 45 †.úÓ) Elective I ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö I
3. Hawthorne studies have made significant contribution to human resource approach Comment. ÆüÖò¾Ö£ÖÖ-òÖÔ †¬µÖµÖ-ÖÖë ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö ÃÖÃÓÖÖ¬Ö-Ö †×³Ö.Ö´Ö .êú ¯ÖןÏÖ ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö¯Öæ.ÖÔ µÖÖê.Ö¤Ö-Ö ×¤üµÖÖ Æîü ×™ü¯¯Ö.Öß .ú¸ëü …
4. Define collective bargaining and explain the role of Trade Union in negotiations.
ÃÖÖ´Öæ×Æü.ú ÃÖÖ¤îêü²ÖÖ•Öß .úß ¾µÖÖ.µÖÖ .ú¸ëü †Ö¸îü ÃÖ´Ö—ÖÖŸîÖê .úß ²ÖÖŸÖ"ÖßŸÖ ´Öë ÁÖ×´Ö.ú ÃÖ'ÓÖ .úß ³Ö×´æÖ.úÖ Ã¯Ö™ü .ú¸üë…
5. Define and discuss major provisions pertaining to standard deductions from wages, as per the Minimum Wages Act, 1936. '´Ö•Ö¤æü¸üß' .úß ¯Ö׸ü³ÖÖÂÖÖ ¤üë†Öî¸ü ´Ö•Ö¤æü¸üß †×¬Ö×-ÖµÖ´Ö, 1936 .ú †-êÖÃãÖÖ¸ü, ´Ö•Ö¤üæ¸üß ´Öë ÃÖê ´ÖÖ-Ö.ú .ú™üÖîןֵÖÖë ÃÖê ÃÖ´²ÖÛ-¬ÖŸÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .ú¸üë…
OR †£Ö¾ÖÖ
Elective II ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö II
3. Critically examine the adequacy of Health Policies in India.
³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ¾ÖÂÖÔ ´Öë þÖÖãµÖ -ÖßןֵÖÖë .úß µÖ£ÖêšüŸÖÖ .úß †Ö»ÖÖ"êÖ-ÖÖŸ´Ö.ú ¯Ö¸üß.ÖÖ .úßו֋ …
4. Discuss the psycho-social factors of mental disorders.
´ÖÖ-Ö×ÃÖ.ú ¾µÖÖ׬ֵÖÖë .ú ´êÖ-ÖÖ­ÃêÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú .úÖ¸ü.úÖë .úß ×¾Ö¾Ö"êÖ-ÖÖ .úßו֋ …
5. Discuss the role of social worker in Child Guidance Centre.
²ÖÖ»Ö ×-Ö¤ìü¿Ö-Ö .ú-¦êü ´Öë ÃÖ´ÖÖ•Ö .úÖµÖÔ.úŸÖÖÔ .úß ³Ö×´æÖ.úÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßו֋ …
OR †£Ö¾ÖÖ
Elective III ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö III
3. What are the different models of Community Development Which model is appropriate in Indian context
ÃÖÖ´Ö¤ãüÖ×µÖ.ú ×¾Ö.úÖÃÖ .êú ´ÖÖ›òü»Ö .úÖ-îÖ ÃÖê Æïü ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ ÃÖ¤Óü³ÖÔ ´Öë .úÖî-Ö ÃÖÖ ´ÖÖò›ü»Ö ˆ¯ÖµÖãŒŸÖ Æîü
4. Explain the salient features of Panchayat Raj System in India.
³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ ´Öë ¯ÖÓ"ÖÖµÖŸÖ ¸üÖ•Ö ¾µÖ¾ÖãÖÖ .úß ´Öã.µÖ ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖŸÖÖ†Öë .úÖê ïÖ™ü .úßו֋ …
5. Suggest comprehensive measures for Rural Development and Urban Renewal, so that rural exodus and urban malaise can be addressed properly. .ÖÏÖ´Öß.Ö ×¾Ö.úÖÃÖ †Ö¸îü ¿ÖÆü¸üß -Ö¾Öß-Öß.ú¸ü.Ö .ú ¾µêÖÖ¯Ö.ú ˆ¯ÖÖµÖ ²ÖŸÖÖ‡‹, וÖÃÖÃÖê ×.ú .ÖÏÖ´Öß.Ö ×-Ö.ÖÔ´Ö-Ö †Ö¸îü ¿ÖÆü¸üß ¹ý..ÖŸÖÖ .úÖ ˆ×"ÖŸÖ ŸÖ¸üÆü ÃÖê ˆ¯Ö"ÖÖ¸ü ×.úµÖÖ •ÖÖ ÃÖ.ú … ê
OR †£Ö¾ÖÖ
Elective IV ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö IV
3. Analyse the changing demographical and social situations of Aged in India. Discuss social work interventions for promoting the wellbeing of aged. ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ¾ÖÂÖÔ ´Öë ²Ö•ãÖ.ãÖÖí .úß ²Ö¤ü»ÖŸÖß •Ö-ÖÖÓ×.ú.úßµÖ †Ö¸îü ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú ÛãÖןֵÖÖë .úÖ ×¾Ö¿»ÖêÂÖ.Ö .úßו֋ … ²Öã•Ö.ãÖÖí .êú .ú»µÖÖ.Ö .úÖ²ÖœüÖ-ê.êÖµÖô֕.úÖµÔÆüß.êÖÖ.úß"Ö"ÖÔ Öê ÍÖú×»ê ÖÖÖ ÖÖÖ¯ë Ö.úßו‹…
4. Briefly describe the salient features of legislations pertaining to the protection and promotion of women in India. Suggest measures for their effective implementation. ³ÖÖ¸ŸÖ ¾ÖÂÖÔ ´Öë ´Ö×Æü»ÖÖ†Öë .úß ÃÖã¸ü.ÖÖ †Öî¸ü ÃÖê ÃÖ´²ÖÛ-¬ÖŸÖ ×¾Ö¬ÖÖ-ÖÖë .úß ´Öã.µÖ ×¾Ö¿ÖÂêÖŸÖÖ†Öë .úÖ ÃÖÓ.Ö¯êÖ ´Öë ¾Ö.Ö-ÔÖ .ú¸ë… ˆ-Öú ¯ÏÖÖ¾Öß ×.úµÖÖÖµÖ-Ö êÖµÖˆ¯ÖµÖ ²ÖÖÖ‡‹ … ü .êÖ³Î-¾.ú×»ê ÖŸ
5. Highlight the significant contributions of international agencies for the protection and promotion of the interests of the children in India. ³ÖÖ¸üŸ¾ÖÂÔ Öë ²Ö""ÖÖë .ú ×ÆüŸÖ.úß Ããü.Ö †îü êÖµÖ†ŸÖ¸üÖ™ÒßµÖ ÖÛ-õÖÖ.ê´Æü¢¾ÖÖæÖÔ µÖÖêÖ¤üÖ-Öë .úÖ
Ö Ö´êÖë Ö¸ÖÖ¸.ú×»ê ÓÔü‹•êÖëúÖ¯..Öˆ»»Öê.Ö .ú¸ëü …
OR †£Ö¾ÖÖ
Elective V ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö V
3. Throw light on the forms and limitations of punishment.
¤üÓ›ü .êú þֺþ¯ÖÖë †Ö¸îü ¯Ö׸üÃÖß´ÖÖ†Öë ¯Ö¸ü ¯Ö.úÏÖ¿Ö ›üÖ»Öë …
4. Discuss the laws pertaining to juveniles and discuss their relevance.

×.ú¿ÖÖê¸ü †¯Ö¸üÖ׬ֵÖÖë ÃÖê ÃÖ´²ÖÛ-¬ÖŸÖ .úÖ-Ö-æÖÖë .úß ×¾Ö¾Ö"êÖ-ÖÖ .ú¸ëü †Öî¸ü ˆ-Ö.úß ¯ÖÖÏÃÖ×.ÓÖ.úŸÖÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .ú¸üë…

5. Discuss the role of social worker in correctional settings.
ÃÖã¬ÖÖ¸üÖŸ´Ö.ú ¯Ö׸ü¾Öê¿ÖÖë ´Öë ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú .úÖµÖ.úŸÔÖÖÔ .úß ³Öæ×´Ö.úÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Ö"êÖ-ÖÖ .ú¸üë…
SECTION III .Ö.›ü III Note This section contains nine questions of ten marks, each to be answered in about fifty words. × 10 90marks)
-ÖÖ™êü ‡ÃÖ .ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ¤üÃÖ­¤üÃÖ †Ó.úÖë .úê-ÖÖî ¯Ö¿-ÏÖ Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖê.ú ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö .úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö.Ö³Ö.Ö ¯Ö"ÖÖÃÖ ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë
†¯Ö×.êÖŸÖ Æüî… (9 ×
10 90 †Ó.ú)
6. Human Rights and Social Justice are the principal aspects of social work practice. Discuss.
´ÖÖ-Ö¾ÖÖ׬Ö.úÖ¸ü †Öî¸ü ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú -µÖÖµÖ ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú .úÖµÖÔ †³µÖÖÃÖ .ú ´êÖã.µÖ ¯ÖÆü»Öæ ×¾Ö¾Ö"êÖ-ÖÖ .ú¸üë…
7. Explain the concepts Urbanism' and 'Urbanization'.
‡-Ö †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü.ÖÖ†Öë †Öî¸ü .úß ¾µÖÖ.µÖÖ .ú¸üë…
8. Throw light on coping mechanisms.
ÃÖ´ÖÖµÖÖê•Öß µÖÖ ÃÖÖ¬Ö.ú ×.úµÎÖÖ×¾Ö×¬Ö .úÖê ïÖ™ü .ú¸üë…
9.
'Relationship is the key in the hands of social case worker'. Illustrate your answer. 'ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú ¾ÖµîÖÛŒŸÖ.ú .úÖµÖÔ.ú¢ÖÖÔ .ú ÆêüÖ£ÖÖë ´Öë ÃÖ´²Ö-¬Ö .úß .ãÓú•Öß ¸üÆüŸÖß Æüî…' †¯Ö-Öê ˆ¢Ö¸ü .úß ¯ÖÛã™ü ˆ¤üÖÆü¸ü.ÖÖë ÃÖê .úßו֋ …

10.
Discuss the significance of 'Task Oriented Group'.
'.úÖµÖÔ­†×³Ö´Ö.ãÖß.éúŸÖ ÃÖ´ÖæÆü' .êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö .úß ×¾Ö¾Ö"êÖ-ÖÖ .ú¸ëü …



11. Bring out the differences between Community Organization and Community Development.
ÃÖÖ´Ö¤ãüÖ×µÖ.ú ÃÖ.ÓÖšü-Ö †Öî¸ü ÃÖÖ´Öã¤üÖ×µÖ.ú ×¾Ö.úÖÃÖ .ú ²êÖß"Ö †-ŸÖ¸ü ïÖ™ü .ú¸üë…
12. Highlight the limitations of social statistics in Social Work Research.
ÃÖ´ÖÖ•Ö .úÖµÖÔ ¿ÖÖ¬.
Ö ´Öë ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú ÃÖÖÛÓ.µÖ.úß .úß ÃÖß´ÖÖ†Öë .úÖê ˆ•ÖÖ.Ö¸ü .ú¸üë…
13. Discuss the importance of monitoring and evaluation in Project Management.
¯Ö׸üµÖÖ•êÖ-ÖÖ ´Öë ´ÖÖ×-òÖ™üظü.Ö †Öî¸ü ´Ö»µæÖÖ.ú-ÓÖ .ú ´êÖÆü¢¾Ö .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .ú¸üë…
14. Discuss the different indicators of Social Development.
ÖÖ.úÖ ú׳Ãæ.úÖ.ú¸ü
ÃÖÖ´Öו.ú ×¾ÖÖÃ.êÖ--Ö Ö"ÖÖë .úß ×¾Ö¾ê"Ö-ÖÖ ë…

SECTION IV .Ö.›ü IV
Note This section contains five questions of five marks each based on the following passage. Each question should be answered in about thirty words.

×
5 25 marks)
-ÖÖ™êü ‡ÃÖ .ÖÓ›ü ´Öê ×-Ö´-Ö×»Ö×.ÖŸÖ ¯Ö׸ü""êû¤ü ¯Ö¸ü †Ö¬ÖÖ׸üŸÖ ¯ÖÖÑ"Ö ¯Ö¿-ÏÖ Æüï… ¯ÖŸµÏÖê.ú ¯Ö¿-ÏÖ .úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö.Ö³Ö.Ö ŸÖßÃÖ ¿Ö²¤üë Ö놯êÖŸÖ î…¯ÏÖêÏÖ ÑÓÖ.úÖÆü… ×
5 25 †.ú)Ö´Ö×.Æü ÖŸµ.ú ¯Ö¿-¯ÖÖ"Ö †.úë îÓ
Empowerment has become a popular concept in regeneration strategies for disadvantaged communities. It is important to consider what empowerment might mean in this context, why it is so difficult to achieve, how practioners might approach it and indicators to measure performance. It is suggested that, despite the problem of ambiguity of the concept and the constraints, it is nonetheless a worthwhile objective. Empowerment is not an outcome of a single event it is continuous process that enables people to understand, upgrade and use their capacity to better control and gain power over their own lives. It provides people with choices and the ability to choose, as well as to gain more control over resources they need to improve their condition. It expands the 'political space' within which Assessment-Analysis-Action processes operate in any community (Schuftan, 1996).
However, some others view empowerment as a fashionable term that gained currency over recent years. Generally used in the context of development projects, women's movements, education, welfare and family support programmes. Its defining feature is a participatory approach which aims to 'enable people to emancipate themselves' (Kronenburg, 1986). Definitions of empowerment tend to be soft, for instance 'empowerment is a process aimed at consolidating, maintaining or changing the nature and distribution of power in a particular cultural context' (Bookman and Morgen, 1988). This is not particularly helpful since the direction of the change in the distribution of power is not indicated. According to another account, empowerment taken to mean a group process where people lack an equal share of valued resources gain greater access to, and control over, those resources ('Empowerment', 1990). The term has also been used in a populist sense, as in the empowerment of the lower caste people through 'People Power'. More critical is the view of Sen and Grown (1988) for whom empowerment begins with 'self-definition' and is concerned with the 'transformation of the structures of subordination'.
ÖßÃÖãÖ.ú×»ÖÖ-.ÖÖÃÖÖêÖµÖüÖ.ü
†
³ÖÖ¾Ö.ÏÖ Ö´¤üÖµÖë êÖµê ¯ãÖ¹ý¨üÖ¸ü ¸üÖ-ÖßןֵÖë ´ë Öê ÿ֌ŸÖß.ú¸ü.Ö »Ö.úׯÏÖ †¾Ö¬Ö¸.Ö Ö‡Ô Æî… µÖÆü ÃÖ´Ö—Ö »Öê-ÖÖ †Ö¾Ö¿µÖ.ú Æîü ×.ú ‡ÃÖ ÃÖ¤Óü³ÖÔ ´Öë ÃÖ¿ÖŒŸÖß.ú¸ü.Ö .úÖ ŒµÖÖ †£ÖÔ ÆüÖê.ÖÖ, ‡ÃÖê ¯ÖÖϯŸÖ .ú¸ü-ÖÖ ŒµÖÖë ‡ŸÖ-ÖÖ .úךü-Ö Æîü, ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü †³µÖÖÃÖ.ú¢ÖÖÔ ‡ÃÖê †Öî¸ü ×-Ö¯ÖÖ¤ü-Ö .úÖê ´ÖÖ¯Ö-Öê .ú ÃêÖæ"Ö.ú .úÖê ÃÖ´Ö—Ö.ëÖê … µÖÆü ²ÖŸÖÖµÖÖ •ÖÖŸÖÖ Æîü ×.ú

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15. How has the concept of empowerment gained popularity
ÃÖ¿ÖŒŸÖß.ú¸ü.Ö .úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü.ÖÖ ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü »ÖÖê.úׯֵÏÖ ÆüÖê .Ö‡Ô Æüî?
16. Why empowerment is considered a process
ÃÖ¿ÖŒŸÖß.ú¸ü.Ö .úÖê ŒµÖÖë ¯Ö×.ÏúµÎÖÖ ÃÖ´Ö—ÖÖ •ÖÖŸÖÖ Æüî?
17. Over recent years in which contexts the term empowerment is being used
ÆüÖ»Ö Æüß .ú ¾êÖÂÖÖí ´Öë ÃÖ¿ÖŒŸÖß.ú¸ü.Ö .úÖ ¿Ö²¤ü ×.ú-Ö ÃÖ-¤ü³ÖÖí ´Öë ˆ¯ÖµÖÖ.êÖ ×.úµÖÖ •ÖÖ ¸üÆüÖ Æüî?
18. What are the various ways the empowerment is understood
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19. Give the gist of the passage.
¯Ö׸ü""ûê¤ü .úÖ ÃÖÖ¸ü ŒµÖÖ Æîü
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