PAPER-III

ANTHROPOLOGY

Signature and Name of Invigilator
1.
(Signature)

(Name) Roll No.


2.
(Signature) (In figures as per admission card) (Name)



J 0 7 1 1

Roll (In words)
Time 2 1/2 hours] [Maximum Marks 200
Number of Pages in this Booklet 32 Number of Questions in this Booklet 19


Instructions for the Candidates
1.
Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page.

2.
Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself.


No Additional Sheets are to be used.
3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below
To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet.
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4.
Read instructions given inside carefully.

5.
One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet.

6.
If you write your Name, Roll Number, Phone Number or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, or use abusive language or employ any other unfair means, you will render yourself liable to disqualification.

7.
You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall.

8.
Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen.

9.
Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.


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5.
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9.
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J-07-11 P.T.O.

ANTHROPOLOGY
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PAPER III ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö¯Ö¡Ö III

Note This paper is of two hundred marks containing four sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein.
µÖÆü ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö¯Ö¡Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî †Ó.úÖë .úÖ Æîü ‹¾ÖÓ ‡ÃÖ´Öë "ÖÖ¸ü .ÖÓ›ü Æïü … †³µÖ£Öá ‡-Ö´Öë ÃÖ´ÖÖ×ÆüŸÖ ¯ÖÏ¿-ÖÖë .êú ˆ¢Ö¸ü †»Ö.Ö ×¤üµÖê .ÖµÖê ×¾ÖßÖéŸÖ ×-Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖë .êú †-ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ¤ëü …

SECTION I

.Ö›Óü I
Note This section consists of two essay type questions of twenty marks each, to be

answered in about five hundred words each. ×
20 40 marks) ™Ö´²ÖßÃÖ-²ÖßÃÖ †ÖÖŸ´ÖŸµêÖ.³."Ö ÃÖÖ
‡ÃÖ .Ó›ü Öë Ó.úÖë .êú ¤üê Æïü … ¯ÖÏÖ.ú ¯Ï¿-Ö .úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »ÖÖÖÖ ¯ÖÖÑî ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … ×
20 40 †Ó.ú)
1. Discuss the role of Anthropology in health and population control.
þÖÖãµÖ ŸÖ£ÖÖ •Ö-ÖÃÖÓ.µÖÖ ×-ÖµÖ-¡Ö.Ö ´Öë ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö .úß ³Öæ×´Ö.úÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßו֋ …
OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ

Discuss the latest trends in anthropological methodology and techniques.
´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö×¾Ö-ÖÖ-Ö ÃÖ´²Ö-¬Öß ¯Ö¨üןֵÖÖë ŸÖ£ÖÖ ŸÖ.ú-Öß.úÖë ´Öë -Ö¾Öß-ÖŸÖ´Ö ¯ÖϾÖ×¢éÖµÖÖë .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ

What do you understand by biocultural process of human evolution Discuss.
´ÖÖ-Ö¾ÖßµÖ ˆ¤üË×¾Ö.úÖÃÖ .úß •Öî¾Ö ÃÖÖÓÃ.éúןÖ.ú ¯ÖÏ×.ÎúµÖÖ ÃÖê †Ö¯Ö ŒµÖÖ ÃÖ´Ö—ÖŸÖê Æïü ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
2. Discuss the relevance of applied anthropology in human welfare in twenty-first century.
²ÖßÃÖ¾Öà ¿ÖŸÖÖ²¤üß ´Öë ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö .ú»µÖÖ.Ö ´Öë †-Öã¯Öϵ֌ŸãÖ ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö×¾Ö-ÖÖ-Ö .úß ¯ÖÖÏÃÖ×.ÓÖ.úŸÖÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ

Compare the relative and absolute methods of dating and write any one principle of absolute dating.
.úÖ»Ö (†£Ö¾ÖÖ ×ŸÖ×£Ö) ×-Ö¬ÖÖÔ¸ü.Ö .úß ÃÖÖ¯Öê×.Ö.ú ŸÖ£ÖÖ ×-Ö¸ü¯Öê.Ö ×¾Ö׬ֵÖÖë .úß ŸÖã»Ö-ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê †Öî¸ü ×-Ö¸ü¯Öê.Ö ×ŸÖ×£Ö ×-Ö¬ÖÖÔ¸ü.Ö .úÖ .úÖê‡Ô ‹.ú ×ÃÖ¨üÖ-ŸÖ ×»Ö×.ÖµÖê …
OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ

Discuss the various methods of studying human growth.
´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö ÃÖ¾ÓÖéרü .úÖ †¬µÖµÖ-Ö .ú¸ü-Öê .úß ×¾Ö׬ֵÖÖë .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
SECTION II
.Ö›Óü II
Note This section contains three questions from each of the electives/specializations.

The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialization and answer all the three questions contained therein. Each question carries fifteen marks and is to
be answered in about three hundred words.
‡ÃÖ .Ö.›ü ´Öë ¯ÖÏŸµÖê.ú ‹êÛ""û.ú ‡.úÖ‡Ô ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ-ÖŸÖÖ ÃÖê ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö Æïü … †³µÖ£Öá .úÖê ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ-ÖŸÖÖ .úÖê "Öã-Ö.ú¸ü ˆÃÖß .êú ¯ÖÏ¿-ÖÖë .êú ˆ¢Ö¸ü ¤êü-Öê Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖê.ú ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö ¯Ö-¦üÆü ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö.Ö³Ö.Ö ÃÖÖî (300) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü …
Elective I ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö I


Physical Anthropology

3. Discuss hominization process with suitable examples.
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4. Describe the role of dermatoglyphies in paternity disputes.
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5. Critically examine the phylogenetic position of cromagnon.
.ÎúÖê´Öî.Ö-ÖÖ-Ö .úß •ÖÖן־Öé×¢Ö.ú ÛãÖ×ŸÖ .úß †Ö»ÖÖê"Ö-ÖÖŸ´Ö.ú ¯Ö¸üß.ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
Elective II ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö II Social-Cultural Anthropology ×
15 45 Marks)


.êú¾Ö»Ö ‹.ú ‹êÛ""û.ú ‡.úÖ‡Ô
†Ó.úÖë .úÖ Æîü ¾Ö ˆÃÖ.úÖ ×
15 45 †Ó.ú)
3. Discuss various attributes of the anthropological concept of culture.
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4. Examine the contribution of Margaret Mead to culture and personality studies.
ÃÖÓÃ.éú×ŸÖ ŸÖ£ÖÖ ¾µÖÛŒŸÖŸ¾Ö †¬µÖµÖ-ÖÖë ´Öë ´ÖÖ.ÖÖÔ¸êü™üü ´Öß›ü .êú µÖÖê.Ö¤üÖ-Ö .úß ¯Ö¸üß.ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
5. Discuss the functioning of legislations aimed at tribal land alienation problem.
•Ö-Ö•ÖÖŸÖßµÖ ³Ö×´æÖ ×¾ÖµÖÖê•Ö-Ö ÃÖ´ÖõÖÖ .êú ÃÖ´²Ö-¬Ö ´Öë ²Ö-ÖÖµÖê .ÖµÖê .úÖ-Öæ-ÖÖë .úß .úÖµÖÔ.úÖ׸üŸÖÖ .úß ×¾Ö¾Öê"Ö-ÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
Elective III ×¾Ö.ú»¯Ö III
Prehistoric Anthropology


3. Discuss why Neolithic is considered as a period of cultural revolution.
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4. Discuss why quarternary period may be considered as framework for human cultural development.
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5. Explain the importance of language for the development of culture among early man.
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Û Ö¾.¬µÓúןú ×¾Öú ×»Ö³ÂÖÖÖ
SECTION III


.Ö›Óü III

Note This section contains nine questions of ten marks, each to be answered in about fifty words. ×
10 90 Marks)
‡ÃÖ .ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ¤üÃÖ­¤üÃÖ †Ó.úÖë .êú -ÖÖî ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö Æïü … ¯ÖŸµÏÖê.ú ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö .úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö.Ö³Ö.Ö ¯Ö"ÖÖÃÖ ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë
†¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … (9 ×
10 90 †.úÓ)
6. Characteristics of Negroid race.
-Öß.ÖÏÖµÖ›ü ¯ÖÏ•ÖÖ×ŸÖ .êú »Ö.Ö.Ö …

7. Differences between old world monkeys and new world monkeys.
¯Öã¸üÖ-Öß ¤ãü×-ÖµÖÖÓ .ú ²êÖ-¤ü¸üÖë ŸÖ£ÖÖ -Ö‡Ô ¤ãü×-ÖµÖÖÓ .êú ²Ö-¤ü¸üÖë .êú ²Öß"Ö †-ŸÖ¸ü …
8. Finger print patterns.
†Ñ.Öã»Öß "ûÖ¯Ö º ¯Ö …

9. Megalithic types in India.
³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ ´Öë ´ÖÆüÖ¯ÖÖÂÖÖ×.Ö.ú ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü …
10. Purpose of cave art in Europe.
µÖæ¸üÖê¯Ö ´Öë .Öã±úÖ .ú»ÖÖ .úÖ ˆ§êü¿µÖ …
11.
Importance of microliths.

12.
Culture as superorganic.

†×¬Ö•Öî¾Ö .êú º ¯Ö ´Öë ÃÖÓÃ.éú×ŸÖ …

13.
Significance of restudies in Anthropology.


»Ö'Öã ¯ÖÖÂÖÖ×.Ö.ú ˆ¯Ö.ú¸ü.ÖÖë .úÖ ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö …
´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö×¾Ö-ÖÖ-Ö ´Öë †¬µÖµÖ-Ö .úÖ ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö …
14. Folk-urban continuum.
»ÖÖê.ú­¿ÖÆü¸üß ÃÖÖÓŸÖŸµÖ …

SECTION IV
.Ö›Óü IV
Note This sections contains five questions of five marks each based on the following

passage. Each question should be answered in about thirty words. ×
5 25 Marks)
‡ÃÖ .Ó›ü ´Öë ×-´-Ö×»×.ÖÖ ¯Ö׸ü""ûü ü Ö¬Ö׸üü ¯ÖÖÑÖÏ¿-Ö Æïü … ¯ÖŸµê.ú ¯Ö¿-Ö Ö ˆ¢Öü »ÖÖÖ.Ö ŸÖßÃÖ
™ÖÖ֟꤯ָ†ÖŸÖ"Ö ¯ÏÖÏ.ú¸.³¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖê.ú ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö †Ó.úÖë .úÖ Æîü … ×
5 25 †.úÓ)
Illness and death are significant events for people everywhere. No one is spared. So it should not be surprising that how people understand the causes of illness and death, how they behave, and what resources they marshal to cope with these events are extremely important parts of culture. Some argue that we will never completely understand how to treat illness effectively until we understand the cultural behaviours, attitudes, values, and the larger social and political milieux in which people live. Others argue that society and culture have little to do with the outcome of illness the reason that people die needlessly is that they do not get the appropriate medical treatment.
But anthropologists, particularly medical anthropologists, who are actively engaged in studying health and illness, are increasingly realizing that biological and social factors need to be considered if we are to reduce human suffering. For instance, some populations have an appalling incidence of infant deaths due to diarrhoea. The origin of this situation is mostly biological, in the sense that the deaths are caused by bacterial infection. But why are so many infants exposed to those bacteria Usually,
J-07-11 26
the main reason is social. The affected infants are likely to be poor. Because they are poor, they are likely to live with infected drinking water. Similarly, malnutrition may be the biological result of a diet poor in protein, but such a diet is usually also a cultural phenomenon, reflecting a society with classes of people with very unequal access to the necessities of life. In many ways, therefore, medical anthropology, and anthropology in general, are developing in the direction of a "biocultural synthesis".
Medical anthropology is part of this developing synthesis. Indeed, the growth of jobs in medical anthropology is one of the more striking developments in contemporary anthropology. Medical anthropology has developed into a very popular specialty, and the Society for Medical Anthropology is now the second largest unit in the American Anthropological Association.
The medical profession's ways of treating illness may be able to treat some conditions well, but by itself the medical profession cannot tell us why some groups are more affected than others, or why the effectiveness of treatment varies from group to group.
Discovering the health-related beliefs, knowledge and practices of a cultural group its ethnomedicine is one of the goals of medical anthropology. How do cultures view health and illness What are their theories about the causes of illness Do those theories impact on how illnesses are treated What is the therapeutic process Are there specialized medical practitioners, and how do they heal Are there special medicines, and how are they administered These are just some of the questions asked by the anthropological study of ethnomedicine. ÃÖ³Öß Ã£ÖÖ-ÖÖë ¸üÖê.Ö †Öî¸ü ´Ö韵Öã »ÖÖê.ÖÖë .êú ×»ÖµÖê ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö¯Öæ.ÖÔ ÆüÖŸêÖß Æïü … ‡ÃÖÃÖê .úÖê‡Ô -ÖÆüà ²Ö"ÖÖ Æîü … ‡ÃÖ×»ÖµÖê µÖÆü Æîü¸üÖ-Öß .úß ²ÖÖŸÖ -ÖÆüà ÆüÖê-Öß "ÖÖ×ÆüµÖê ×.ú ¸üÖê.Ö †Öî¸ü ´Ö韵Öã .êú .úÖ¸ü.ÖÖë .úÖê »ÖÖ.êÖ ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü ÃÖ´Ö—ÖŸÖê ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü ¾Öê ¾µÖ¾ÖÆüÖ¸ü .ú¸üŸÖê Æïü †Öî¸ü ‡-Ö.úÖ ´Öã.úÖ²Ö»ÖÖ .ú¸ü-Öê ´Öë ¾Öê ×.ú-Ö ÃÖÓÃÖÖ¬Ö-ÖÖë .úÖ ˆ¯ÖµÖÖê.Ö .ú¸üŸÖê Æïü … µÖÆü ÃÖ²Ö ÃÖÓÃ.éú×ŸÖ .êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö¯Öæ.ÖÔ †Ó.Ö Æïü … .ãú"û »ÖÖê.Ö ²ÖÆüÃÖ .ú¸üŸÖê Æïü ×.ú Æü´Ö .ú³Öß ³Öß µÖÆü ¯Öæ¸üÖ -ÖÆüà ÃÖ´Ö—Ö ¯ÖÖµÖë.Öê ×.ú •Ö²Ö ŸÖ.ú Æü´Ö ÃÖÖÓÃ.éúןÖ.ú ¾µÖ¾ÖÆüÖ¸ü, †×³Ö¾Öé×¢ÖµÖÖë, ´Öæ»µÖ †Öî¸ü •µÖÖ¤üÖ ¾µÖÖ¯Ö.ú ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ.ú ŸÖ£ÖÖ ¸üÖ•Ö-ÖßןÖ.ú ¾µÖ¾ÖãÖÖ ×•ÖÃÖ´Öë ×.ú Æü´Ö ¸üÆüŸÖê Æïü .úÖê ÃÖ´Ö—Ö -ÖÆüà »ÖêŸÖê ŸÖ²Ö ŸÖ.ú ¸üÖê.Ö .úÖê ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü ¯ÖϳÖÖ¾Ö¯Öæ.ÖÔ œÌÓü.Ö ÃÖê »Öê-ÖÖ "ÖÖ×ÆüµÖê … †-µÖ »ÖÖê.Ö ²ÖÆüÃÖ .ú¸üŸÖê Æïü ×.ú ÃÖ´ÖÖ•Ö †Ö¸îü ÃÖÓÃ.éú×ŸÖ .úÖ ¸üÖê.Ö/ײִÖÖ¸üß .êú ¯Ö׸ü.ÖÖ´Ö .êú ÃÖÖ£Ö £ÖÖê›ÌüÖ Æüß ¾ÖÖßÖÖ ÆüÖŸêÖÖ Æîü »ÖÖ.êÖ µÖÖëÆüß ´Ö¸ü •ÖÖŸÖê .úÖ¸ü.Ö Æîü ×.ú ¾Öê ÃÖ´Ö×"ÖŸãÖ †ÖµÖãÙ¾Ö-ÖÖ-ÖßµÖ ×"Ö×.úŸÃÖÖ -ÖÆüà .ú¸ü¾ÖÖ ¯ÖÖŸÖê Æïü …
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×"Ö×.úŸÃÖßµÖ ¯ÖÏ×.úµÎÖÖ ŒµÖÖ Æîü ŒµÖÖ ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖß.éúŸÖ ³ÖêÂÖ•ÖßµÖ ¾µÖ¾ÖÃÖÖµÖß †Öî¸ü ¾Öê ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü ¸üÖê.Ö .úÖê šüß.ú .ú¸üŸÖê Æïü ŒµÖÖ .úÖê‡Ô ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ ¤ü¾ÖÖ‹Ñ †Öî¸ü ¾Öê ×.úÃÖ ¯ÖÏ.úÖ¸ü ×.Ö»ÖÖ‡Ô •ÖÖŸÖß Æïü µÖÆü .ãú"û ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö Æïü •ÖÖê ×.ú ¯ÖÏ•ÖÖŸÖßµÖ †ÖîÂÖ¬Ö .êú ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö ×¾Ö-ÖÖ-ÖßµÖ †¬µÖµÖ-Ö «üÖ¸üÖ ×.úµÖê •ÖÖŸÖê Æïü …
15. Write about the aim of medical anthropology.
³ÖêÂÖ•ÖßµÖ ´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö .êú »Ö.µÖ .êú ²ÖÖ¸êü ´Öë ×»Ö×.ÖµÖê …
16. Malnutrition may be the result of both biological and cultural phenomena Justify. .ãú¯ÖÖêÂÖ.Ö •Ö×¾îÖ.ú ŸÖ£ÖÖ ÃÖÖÓÃ.éúןÖ.ú ¯Ö׸ü¥ü¿µÖ ¤üÖê-ÖÖë .úÖ ¯Ö׸ü.ÖÖ´Ö ÆüÖê ÃÖ.úŸÖÖ Æîü ˆ¤üÖÆü¸ü.Ö .êú ÃÖÖ£Ö ˆ×"ÖŸÖ ×ÃÖ¨ü
.úßוֵÖê …

17. Elaborate the concept of ethnomedicine.
¯ÖÏ•ÖÖŸÖßµÖ †ÖîÂÖ¬Ö .úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü.ÖÖ .úÖê ×¾ÖßÖÖ¸ü ÃÖê ïÖ™ü .úßוֵÖê …
18. Why the effectiveness of treatment varies from group to group
×"Ö×.úŸÃÖÖ ‡»ÖÖ•Ö) .úß ¯ÖϳÖÖ¾Ö¯Öæ.ÖÔŸÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖæÆüÖë ´Öë †»Ö.Ö­†»Ö.Ö ŒµÖÖë Æîü
19. Explain with example that biological and cultural factors are to be considered to reduce human sufferings.
´ÖÖ-Ö¾ßµÖ ¾ê¤üÖÖ .úê .ú´Ö .ú¸ü-ê .ú ×»Öµê ÖîÖ.ú Ÿ£ÖÃÖÓÃ.éÖ.ú .ú¸ü.úë ¤üê-ָ֯׾Ö"Öü ü-Ö"ÖÖêÖÖ¤üÖü¸ü.Ö
ÖÖ-ÖÖêÖ•×¾ÖÖ ÖúןÖÖÖÖë ü Ö¸.ú¸Ö Ö×Æüµ,ÃêƾµÖÖ.µÖÖ .úßוֵÖê …
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