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1. Write your roll number in the space provided on the top
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after the questions in the Test Booklet itself.
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the end of the examination compulsorily and must not
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9. Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.
D-0709 P.T.O.
Signature and Name of Invigilator Roll No.
(In words)
1. (Signature)
(Name)
2. (Signature)
(Name)
Roll
D-0709
PAPER-III
Test Booklet No.
Time 2 [Maximum Marks 200 2 hours]
Number of Pages in this Booklet 40 Number of Questions in this Booklet 26
Instructions for the Candidates ¯Ö¸üß�ÖÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë �êú ×»Ö. ×­Ö¤ìü¿Ö
(In figures as per admission card)
ANTHROPOLOGY
D-0709 2
ANTHROPOLOGY
´ÖÖ-Ö¾Ö
PAPER-III
¯ÖÏ¿-Ö¯Ö¡Ö-III
Note This paper is of two hundred marks containing four sections. Candidates
are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the
detailed instructions given therein.
-ÖÖê™ü µÖÆü ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö¯Ö¡Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî †Ó
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D-0709 3 P.T.O.
SECTION I
I
This section contains five questions based on the following paragraph. Each
question should be answered in about thirty words and carries five marks.
× 5 25 Marks)
‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë †-Öã""êû¤ü ¯Ö¸ü †Ö¬ÖÖ׸üŸÖ ¯ÖÖÑ"Ö ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖê
ú ¯ÖÏ¿-Ö
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¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖê
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úÖë
úÖ Æîü … × 5 25 †Ó%ú)
Read the following paragraph carefully and answer all the questions below. Answer
should not exceed 30 words.
The interrelations between the biological and the cultural components of
human evolution may be brought out perhaps most clearly if we consider that they
serve the same basic function adaptation to and control of man's environments.
Most contemporary evolutionists are of the opinion that adaptation of a living species
to its environment is the chief agency impelling and directing biological evolution. As
stated above, the adaptation takes place through natural selection, which promotes the
survival and reproduction of the carriers of some genetic endowments and inhibits
others. The construction of man's body and the conformation of his intellect
developed as they did because they made our species biologically highly successful
(which is not saying that man's biological frame is the acme of perfection in all
respects; see Chapter 12). The genetic basis of man's capacity to acquire, develop or
modify, and transmit culture emerged because of the adaptive advantages which this
capacity conferred on its possessors (Chapter 8).
Culture is, however, an instrument of adaptation which is vastly more efficient
than the biological processes which led to its inception and advancement. It is more
efficient among other things because it is more rapid changed genes are transmitted
only to the direct descendants of the individuals in whom they first appear; to replace
the old genes, the carriers of the new ones must gradually outbreed and supplant the 
D-0709 4
former. Changed culture may be transmitted to anybody regardless of biological
parentage, or borrowed ready-made from other peoples (see Chapters In
producing the genetic basis of culture, biological evolution has transcended itself it
has produced the superorganic.
Yet the superorganic has not annulled the organic. The hypothesis of the
psychic unity of mankind is justified to the extent that all members of the species
Homo sapiens free of overt pathology are capable of learning a symbolic language
and a variety of cultural forms. This only means that the capacity has become
established as a species characteristic, like the erect posture, ability to subsist on
diverse diets, absence of a breeding season, a brain size exceeding that of other living
primates, and much else besides (see Chapter 10). But it does not follow that the
genetic variability affecting the capacity to learn has suddenly evaporated in human
populations. This is unlikely on theoretical grounds, and is contradicted by much
evidence (see Chapter 4).
Why do so many people insist that biological and cultural evolutions are
absolutely independent I suggest that this is due in large part to a widespread
misunderstanding of the nature of heredity. As will be shown in more detail in the
following chapters, biological heredity, which is the basis of biological evolution,
does not transmit cultural, or for that matter physical, traits ready-made; what it does
is determine the response of the developing organism to the environment in which the
development takes place. To say that cancer runs in families does not mean that every
member of these families dies of cancer, and the inheritance of longevity does not
guarantee a long life to some and a short one to others apart from accidents, one's
life may be prolonged or shortened by the environmental hazards which one meets,
and by how one chooses to live (but this choice may, in turn, be partly conditioned by
one's genes). 
D-0709 5 P.T.O.
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1. How does adaptation take place through natural selection
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D-0709 7 P.T.O.
2. How is culture an instrument of adaptation
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3. How are the biological and cultural evolutions not independent
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D-0709 8
4. Do you find cultural evolution faster than biological evolution
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5. What is meant by psychic unity of mankind
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D-0709 9 P.T.O.
SECTION II
II
Note This section contains fifteen questions, each to be answered in about thirty
words. Each question carries five marks.
(15 × 5 75 Marks)
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6. Define Polymorphism and explain its types.
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D-0709 10
7. What is mating pattern Explain its significance.
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8. Describe importance of studying palmar dermatoglyphics.
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D-0709 11 P.T.O.
9. Enumerate various techniques used for biochemical analysis.
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10. Describe the significance of nutrition in growth.
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D-0709 12
11. What is a composite tool
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12. What is the meaning of incipient food production
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