Exam Details
Subject | anthropology | |
Paper | paper 3 | |
Exam / Course | ugc net national eligibility test | |
Department | ||
Organization | university grants commission | |
Position | ||
Exam Date | June, 2009 | |
City, State | , |
Question Paper
Read the following paragraph carefully and answer all the questions given below. Answer should not exceed 30 words
It is apparent that man is unique in the animal kingdom. For despite many similarities in bodily structure which make him indisputably akin to the animals, man possesses certain bodily attributes wholly lacking among even his closest relatives in the animal kingdom. Man has more complex brain than any other animal. He walks and stands in a completely erect position and has, as a result, a distinctive foot structure. His pelvis is broader and shallower than that of the other animals, his legs longer in proportion to body and arm length, and his backbone is S-shaped rather than straight or bow-shaped. Since man uses his hands exclusively for handling rather than as an aid in walking, they too are distinctive in structure as compared to other animals.
But it is in the field of behavior that we may best appreciate man's uniqueness. Wherever man is found and however simple his culture, we find that he possesses tools and other material artifacts, more or less complex techniques for obtaining food, some degree of arbitrary division of labour, a social and political organization, a system of religious beliefs and rituals, and the ability to communicate with his fellows by means of a spoken language. All of these cultural characteristics have only the crudest analogs among even the most manlike animals. In other words, even the simplest of human societies possesses cultural characteristics far more complex than any found among animals, however advanced the animals group may be.
All the animal species we know today have arisen though processes of adaptation which usually involve development from simple to more complex forms and from more generalized to more specialized forms. All animal species, excepting only those which man has domesticated, are restricted to specific environments. By reason of their inherited physical structures they have become so adapted to the particular area of the earth's surface in which they live as to be unable to survive any drastic change in environment. Man, on the other hand, in many ways has remained a very generalized animal. Most of his specializations, such as the flexible manipulative hand or the great development of the nervous system, actually increase man's ability to adapt to varied conditions. Most important, as Julian Huxley puts it, man has developed the capacity to have culture and this gives him an entirely new adaptive mechanism which frees him from most environmental restrictions and permits him to adapt to new situations without the necessity of a long period of biological changes. Where the climate is unsuited to his physical nature (like his close relative, the ape, man is by nature a tropical animal), he has learned to make clothing and build shelters to protect himself from the elements. Where food in its raw state is unfit for him to eat, he has devised ways of waking it edible. In hundreds of other details man has discovered how to extend and supplement his physical powers and to reshape his environment to meet his needs. More important, perhaps, is the fact that man has learned, albeit imperfectly as yet, to cooperate with others of his species. He always lives in groups and ahs often discovered that tasks beyond the powers of a single individual are well within those of a groups working together.
1. What are the distinctive physical features of man
2. What is the uniqueness of man in the field of behavior
3. Mention the biological features which helped the man to adapt in varied condition
4. State how culture gave man a new adaptive mechanism
5. How living in group is advantageous to man
6. Discuss adaptive radiation in primates.
7. Write a note on the synthetic theory of evolution.
8. Describe pair-bond relationships among non-human primates.
9. Write a note on the G6PD deficiency. G6PD •¬ÍáʸÃÊ Á˜Uå¬áÊË .§ËÁ¡8-
10. Explain balanced genetic polymorphism with examples.
11. Briefly describe the inheritance of ABO blood groups. ABO
12. What is the distinction between invention and innovation
13. What is Rappert establishment in an ethnographic study
14. What do you understand by subsistance economy
15. What is a Primitive Tribal Group (P.T.G)
16. What is the distinction between Joking and Avoidance relationship
17. What is dendro chronology
18. What is flake blade technique
19. What is Maglemosean Culture
20. Give a note on seals of Indus valley civilization.
21. Discuss the social and cultural aspects of HIV-ADIS.
22. Discuss the nature and technique of Group Discussion
23.
What do you understand by National character story
24.
What is integrated Rural Development Project (IRDP)
25. Discuss the role and significance of Kinship in traditional societies.
21. Explain the significance of Hardy-Wienberg Law in human population genetics.
22. Discuss the significance of pedigree analysis in human genetics.
23. "Man's primate status is unique". Comment.
24. Discuss the salient features and phylogenetic status of homo erectus.
25. Discuss the bio-cultural adaptation in man in various ecological conditions.
21. Discuss briefly about the environment of the Holocene epoch.
22. Write briefly about the assemblages of stone tools found in Olduvai gorge.
23. Write briefly about the upper palaeolithic culture of Europe.
24. State about the salient features of Neolithic culture.
25. Write a note on Mesolithic Art in India.
26. What are the basic tenets of Functionalism in social-cultural Anthropology Discuss the criticism levelled against functionalism.
27. Critically examine the applications of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology for human welfare in the light of recent developments.
28. Write an essay on different aspects of Pleistocene epoch.
It is apparent that man is unique in the animal kingdom. For despite many similarities in bodily structure which make him indisputably akin to the animals, man possesses certain bodily attributes wholly lacking among even his closest relatives in the animal kingdom. Man has more complex brain than any other animal. He walks and stands in a completely erect position and has, as a result, a distinctive foot structure. His pelvis is broader and shallower than that of the other animals, his legs longer in proportion to body and arm length, and his backbone is S-shaped rather than straight or bow-shaped. Since man uses his hands exclusively for handling rather than as an aid in walking, they too are distinctive in structure as compared to other animals.
But it is in the field of behavior that we may best appreciate man's uniqueness. Wherever man is found and however simple his culture, we find that he possesses tools and other material artifacts, more or less complex techniques for obtaining food, some degree of arbitrary division of labour, a social and political organization, a system of religious beliefs and rituals, and the ability to communicate with his fellows by means of a spoken language. All of these cultural characteristics have only the crudest analogs among even the most manlike animals. In other words, even the simplest of human societies possesses cultural characteristics far more complex than any found among animals, however advanced the animals group may be.
All the animal species we know today have arisen though processes of adaptation which usually involve development from simple to more complex forms and from more generalized to more specialized forms. All animal species, excepting only those which man has domesticated, are restricted to specific environments. By reason of their inherited physical structures they have become so adapted to the particular area of the earth's surface in which they live as to be unable to survive any drastic change in environment. Man, on the other hand, in many ways has remained a very generalized animal. Most of his specializations, such as the flexible manipulative hand or the great development of the nervous system, actually increase man's ability to adapt to varied conditions. Most important, as Julian Huxley puts it, man has developed the capacity to have culture and this gives him an entirely new adaptive mechanism which frees him from most environmental restrictions and permits him to adapt to new situations without the necessity of a long period of biological changes. Where the climate is unsuited to his physical nature (like his close relative, the ape, man is by nature a tropical animal), he has learned to make clothing and build shelters to protect himself from the elements. Where food in its raw state is unfit for him to eat, he has devised ways of waking it edible. In hundreds of other details man has discovered how to extend and supplement his physical powers and to reshape his environment to meet his needs. More important, perhaps, is the fact that man has learned, albeit imperfectly as yet, to cooperate with others of his species. He always lives in groups and ahs often discovered that tasks beyond the powers of a single individual are well within those of a groups working together.
1. What are the distinctive physical features of man
2. What is the uniqueness of man in the field of behavior
3. Mention the biological features which helped the man to adapt in varied condition
4. State how culture gave man a new adaptive mechanism
5. How living in group is advantageous to man
6. Discuss adaptive radiation in primates.
7. Write a note on the synthetic theory of evolution.
8. Describe pair-bond relationships among non-human primates.
9. Write a note on the G6PD deficiency. G6PD •¬ÍáʸÃÊ Á˜Uå¬áÊË .§ËÁ¡8-
10. Explain balanced genetic polymorphism with examples.
11. Briefly describe the inheritance of ABO blood groups. ABO
12. What is the distinction between invention and innovation
13. What is Rappert establishment in an ethnographic study
14. What do you understand by subsistance economy
15. What is a Primitive Tribal Group (P.T.G)
16. What is the distinction between Joking and Avoidance relationship
17. What is dendro chronology
18. What is flake blade technique
19. What is Maglemosean Culture
20. Give a note on seals of Indus valley civilization.
21. Discuss the social and cultural aspects of HIV-ADIS.
22. Discuss the nature and technique of Group Discussion
23.
What do you understand by National character story
24.
What is integrated Rural Development Project (IRDP)
25. Discuss the role and significance of Kinship in traditional societies.
21. Explain the significance of Hardy-Wienberg Law in human population genetics.
22. Discuss the significance of pedigree analysis in human genetics.
23. "Man's primate status is unique". Comment.
24. Discuss the salient features and phylogenetic status of homo erectus.
25. Discuss the bio-cultural adaptation in man in various ecological conditions.
21. Discuss briefly about the environment of the Holocene epoch.
22. Write briefly about the assemblages of stone tools found in Olduvai gorge.
23. Write briefly about the upper palaeolithic culture of Europe.
24. State about the salient features of Neolithic culture.
25. Write a note on Mesolithic Art in India.
26. What are the basic tenets of Functionalism in social-cultural Anthropology Discuss the criticism levelled against functionalism.
27. Critically examine the applications of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology for human welfare in the light of recent developments.
28. Write an essay on different aspects of Pleistocene epoch.
Other Question Papers
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