Exam Details
Subject | social work | |
Paper | paper 2 | |
Exam / Course | ugc net national eligibility test | |
Department | ||
Organization | university grants commission | |
Position | ||
Exam Date | 01, June, 2011 | |
City, State | , |
Question Paper
1. Elizabethan Poor Law, 1601 was based on
(A)Concept of Rehabilitation
(B)Concept of Determining the Needs of Clients
(C)Concept of Charity
(D)Concept of Empowerment
2. Friendly visitors are related to
(A)Charity Organisation Society, USA
(B)Elizabethan Poor Law, 1601
(C)Charity Organisation Society, London
(D)None of these
3. The classification of social system as
Mechanical Social System and
Organic Social System is given by
Durkheim
Sorokin
(C)MacIver
Parson
4. Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion etc. is a Fundamental Right classified under
(A)The Right to Freedom of Religion
(B)The Right Against Exploitation
(C)The Right to Equality
(D)The Cultural and Educational Rights
5. Social stratification means
(A)Socialisation
(B)Social Change
(C)Division of Labour
(D)Division of People on the basis of birth and social status
6. "Electra complex" is a situation found in
(A)Oral Stage
(B)Anal Stage
(C)Phalic Stage
(D)Latency Stage
7. In Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory, death or aggressive instinct is referred as
(A)Triebe
(B)Libido
(C)Thanotos
(D)None of these
8. The capacity of a person to put oneself in somebody's else situation and understand the feelings and emotions is known as
(A)Sympathy
(B)Empathy
(C)Telepathy
(D)None of these
9. 'Principle of Confidentiality' was given by
(A)Pearlman
Hamilton
(C)Biestek
Beker
10. The principle of 'Continuous Individualisation' is related to
(A)Social Case Work
(B)Social Group Work
(C)Community Organisation
(D)All the above
11. In social group work the principal instrument of change is
(A)Organisation of Programme
(B)Leadership Development
(C)Guided Group Interactions
(D)None of the above
12. Locality Development, Social Planning and Social Action as models of community organisation were given by
(A)Murray Ross
(B)Jack Rothman
(C)Perlman
(D)Sanders
13. The concept of Conscientization is given by
(A)Paulo Frierie
(B)Martin Luther King
(C)GAA Britto
(D)Saul Alinsky
14. The value of middle item of series when arranged in ascending or descending order of magnitude is known as
(A)Mean
(B)Median
(C)Mode
(D)Standard Deviation
15. In social research, the design used to search for of the problem is
(A)Exploratory design
(B)Experimental design
(C)Comparative study design
(D)Descriptive design
16. Which one of the following is the source of social policy
(A)Ministry of Human Resource Development
(B)Indian Constitution
(C)Non-Government Organisation
(D)None of the above
17. Ramification is
(A)Name of a technique to work with the tribal people.
evaluation technique
criteria to decide the kind of policies to be pursued for allocation of resources
selection method for community workers
18. Which one of the following homes is not the part of the Juvenile Justice (Care Protection of Children) Act of 2000
(A)Observation Home
(B)Shelter Home
(C)Protective Home
(D)Special Home
19. Which of the following explains the concept of
(A)Which is morally or socially correct or just
justification or fair claim
thing which may be claimed legally or morally
(D)All the above
20. Which of the following is not a goal of the Millennium Development Goals
(A)Achieving universal primary education
(B)Reducing child mortality
(C)Ensuring environmental sustainability
(D)Improving mental health
21. Assertion Authorisation, approval or permission needed to perform certain professional tasks and activities is known as sanction.
Reason Person with problem can take help from professional social worker.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are wrong.
is correct and is the correct explanation of
is correct and is not the correct explanation of
is wrong, but is correct.
22. Assertion Due to the strong family ties women in India are sacrificing for their family.
Reason Because it is a product of social conditioning. Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true, but is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is true, but is false.
23. Assertion Socialization is a significant process of human groups.
Reason Long period of dependency allows children to learn things they need to know.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true, but is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
(D)Both and are false.
24. Assertion Relationship is the basis of all help in social case work.
Reason Personal relations can help in solving all the problems.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true, but is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
(D)Both and are false.
25. Assertion The basic theme of self-help, group is 'you are not alone'.
Reason Being member of self-help group Rekha, a widow is alone.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are wrong.
is wrong but is correct.
is correct, but is wrong.
(D)Both and are correct.
26. Assertion Panchayat Raj Institutions have been in existence for a long time, however, these institutions have not been able to acquire the status and dignity of viable and responsive people's bodies.
Reason Due to absence of inadequate devolution of powers and lack of financial resources.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
27. Assertion Quantitative research approach involves generation of data in quantitative form which can be subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis in formal and rigid passion.
Reason Because it deals with subjective assessment of attitudes, opinions and behaviour.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
28. Assertion Indian Government has initiated adequate measures for protection against trafficking of women and girls.
Reason Trafficking in India is an increase and moving towards legalisation.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are wrong.
is correct and is wrong.
is wrong and is correct.
(D)Both and are correct.
29. Assertion Right to Education ensures access to and quality of education.
Reason No legislation can ensure quality education in India.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
30. Assertion Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment.
Reason So that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for future generations.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
31. Identify the correct sequence
(A)Case Study, Prognosis, Diagnosis, Treatment
(B)Case Study, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment
(C)Prognosis, Case Study, Diagnosis, Treatment
(D)Diagnosis, Prognosis, Case Study, Treatment
32. Identify the sequence regarding process of communication
(A)Medium, Sender, Recipient, Feedback
(B)Sender, Medium, Feedback, Recipient
(C)Sender, Medium, Recipient, Feedback
(D)Sender, Feedback, Medium, Recipient
33. Identify the sequence of stages of learning during childhood development
(A)Innate abilities, Sensory and Motor Skills, Cognitive, Instructions
(B)Cognitive, Instructions, Innate abilities, Sensory and Motor Skills
(C)Innate abilities, Cognitive, Instructions, Sensory and Motor Skills
(D)Cognitive, Innate abilities, Sensory and Motor Skills, Instructions
34. In research the data is processed in order of
(A)Classification, Editing, Coding, Master-sheet
(B)Coding, Editing, Classification, Master-sheet
(C)Editing, Master-sheet, Coding, Classification
(D)Editing, Coding, Classification, Master-sheet
35. Identify right sequence of declarations made in the Indian Constitution
(A)Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic
(B)Sovereign, Secular, Socialist, Democratic, Republic
(C)Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Republic, Democratic
(D)Sovereign, Democratic, Socialist, Secular, Republic
36. Identify the correct sequence of stages of Group Development
(A)Intimacy, Negotiation, Orientation, Resistance, Termination
(B)Orientation, Resistance, Negotiation, Intimacy, Termination
(C)Negotiation, Intimacy, Resistance, Termination
(D)Orientation, Intimacy, Resistance, Negotiation, Termination
37. Identify the correct sequence
(A)Need Identification, Resource Mobilisation, Rapport Building, Programme planning, Programme management, Evaluation.
(B)Need Identification, Rapport Building, Resource Mobilisation, Programme Planning, Programme Management, Evaluation
(C)Rapport Building, Need Identification, Resource Mobilisation, Programme Planning, Programme Management, Evaluation
(D)Rapport Building, Need Identification, Programme Planning, Resource Mobilisation, Programme Management, Evaluation
38. Arrange the following class systems in the order in which they have developed. Use the code given below
I. Guild system
II. Middle class
III. Rise of slavery system
IV. Burgeoise system
IV, III
IV, II
III, IV, I
III, IV
39. Match the items in List-I with List-II
List I List II
(a)Thorstein Veblen Right to Constitutional Remedies
(b)Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Unsocial groups
(c)George Hasen Theory of leisure class
Group Ethnocentrism
Codes
(A)iii i ii iv
i iii iv
(C)iii ii i iv
iii ii i
40. Match the following
List I List II
Author Books
(a)Dandekar V.M. Social Work in India
(b)Gangrade K.D. Dimensions of Social Work in India
(c)Gore M.S. Poverty in India
(d)Kinduka S.K. Some Aspects of Social Development in India
Codes
ii iii iv
i iv iii
(C)iii ii iv i
i ii iii
41. Match the following pairs
List I List II
(a)The Social Division of Labour E. Durkheim
(b)Social Process C.H. Cooley
(c)Social Change T.H. Marshall
(d)Social Class W.F. Ogburn
Codes
ii iii iv
ii iv iii
(C)iii ii iv i
i iii ii
42. Match the items in List I with List II and choose the correct code given below
List I List II
(Stages) (Tasks)
(a)Oral stage Trust v/s Mistrust
(b)Anal stage Industry v/s Inferiority
(c)Genital stage (iii) Autonomy v/s Shame doubt
(d)Latency Initiative v/s Guilt
Codes
ii iv i iii
(B)iii ii iv i
iv ii iii
iii iv ii
43. Match items in List I with List II and choose the correct code given below
List I List II
(a)Transference Law
(b)Parole Sociology
(c)Cultural lag Psychiatry
(d)Decree Criminology
Codes
(A)iii i iv ii
iii i iv
(C)iii iv ii i
ii iii iv
44. Match the List I with List II
List I List II
PsychoSocial Model -1. Edwin J. Thomas
Functional Model 2. Virginia Robinson
Behaviour modification Model 3. Gordon Hamilton
(IV)Task-centred Model 4. Willium Read
Codes
3 1 4
2 1 4
2 3 4
1 3 2
45. Match the List I with List II
List I List II
Measures of Central Tendency 1. Quartile
Measures of Dispersion 2. Range
Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis 3. Median
(IV)Measures of Relationship 4. Regression
Codes
3 4 1
2 3 4
2 1 4
3 2 1
46. Read the passage below, and answer the questions that follow based on your understanding of the passage.
Social work must uphold and help to promote in its normal pursuits as also through special programmes undertaken for that purpose, the broader social values which are necessary for social development. The most important of these values in developing countries is equality. Since it cannot be asserted that all individuals are either alike or equal in their abilities, the acceptance of the value of equality means primarily the equalisation of opportunities for all individuals to growth to their maximum potential. Acceptance of the equal rights of all citizens reflects itself in a democratic polity. From equality is also derived the value of social justice, which argues the need for providing compensatory benefits to those who are otherwise at a disadvantage socially, physically, mentally, economically or in any other way. From equality also can be derived the value of secularism insofar as it asserts that the fact that individuals belong to one religious persuasion or the other should make no difference in the opportunities available to them for participating in and contributing to national life. Equality also requires that universalistic norms keep the accessibility channels open to all who have the skill, ability, aptitude or talent required for particular functions in society. Secularism and universalism also derive strength from the value attached to rationality which in turn is strengthened by an acceptance of science and the scientific method.
Another value important for social development is the commitment to national unity. By its nature it is a restrictive somewhat non-universalistic value in that it seems to be derived from a certain particularistic attachment to the concept of a nation. But developing societies need such a commitment because in its absence what they may obtain is not a commitment to the world community but rather a relapse into tribal, casteist and religious loyalties. Important from the point of view of economic development are also the values of hard work, dignity of labour, and postponement of gratification or reduction of individual wants. Willingness of workers to move to places where work is available and, in this sense, a loosening of the village and linguistic region ties is also important for industrial development. Another important attitude is the willingness to accept change, i.e., adaptability to changes in work techniques and to differences in patterns of living. Such adaptability is necessary for those who migrate from rural areas to large cities with the processes of industrialisation and urbanisation.
46. The most important value in developing countries is
(A)Social mobilisation
(B)Equality
(C)Awareness
(D)None of these
47. Which one of the values is derived from equality
(A)Social Justice
(B)Respect for elder
(C)Respect for religions
(D)None of these
48. What does social justice argue
(A)Establishment of good justice system
(B)Good governance
(C)Compensatory benefits to disadvantaged
(D)All the above
49. Tribal, casteist and religious loyalties will be relapsed in developing societies in the absence of
(A)Commitment to the world community
(B)Commitment to self
(C)Commitment to work
(D)Commitment to national unity
50. Adaptability to change is required for
(A)Migrants from rural areas
(B)Urban habitants
(C)Rural habitants
(D)None of these
(A)Concept of Rehabilitation
(B)Concept of Determining the Needs of Clients
(C)Concept of Charity
(D)Concept of Empowerment
2. Friendly visitors are related to
(A)Charity Organisation Society, USA
(B)Elizabethan Poor Law, 1601
(C)Charity Organisation Society, London
(D)None of these
3. The classification of social system as
Mechanical Social System and
Organic Social System is given by
Durkheim
Sorokin
(C)MacIver
Parson
4. Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion etc. is a Fundamental Right classified under
(A)The Right to Freedom of Religion
(B)The Right Against Exploitation
(C)The Right to Equality
(D)The Cultural and Educational Rights
5. Social stratification means
(A)Socialisation
(B)Social Change
(C)Division of Labour
(D)Division of People on the basis of birth and social status
6. "Electra complex" is a situation found in
(A)Oral Stage
(B)Anal Stage
(C)Phalic Stage
(D)Latency Stage
7. In Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory, death or aggressive instinct is referred as
(A)Triebe
(B)Libido
(C)Thanotos
(D)None of these
8. The capacity of a person to put oneself in somebody's else situation and understand the feelings and emotions is known as
(A)Sympathy
(B)Empathy
(C)Telepathy
(D)None of these
9. 'Principle of Confidentiality' was given by
(A)Pearlman
Hamilton
(C)Biestek
Beker
10. The principle of 'Continuous Individualisation' is related to
(A)Social Case Work
(B)Social Group Work
(C)Community Organisation
(D)All the above
11. In social group work the principal instrument of change is
(A)Organisation of Programme
(B)Leadership Development
(C)Guided Group Interactions
(D)None of the above
12. Locality Development, Social Planning and Social Action as models of community organisation were given by
(A)Murray Ross
(B)Jack Rothman
(C)Perlman
(D)Sanders
13. The concept of Conscientization is given by
(A)Paulo Frierie
(B)Martin Luther King
(C)GAA Britto
(D)Saul Alinsky
14. The value of middle item of series when arranged in ascending or descending order of magnitude is known as
(A)Mean
(B)Median
(C)Mode
(D)Standard Deviation
15. In social research, the design used to search for of the problem is
(A)Exploratory design
(B)Experimental design
(C)Comparative study design
(D)Descriptive design
16. Which one of the following is the source of social policy
(A)Ministry of Human Resource Development
(B)Indian Constitution
(C)Non-Government Organisation
(D)None of the above
17. Ramification is
(A)Name of a technique to work with the tribal people.
evaluation technique
criteria to decide the kind of policies to be pursued for allocation of resources
selection method for community workers
18. Which one of the following homes is not the part of the Juvenile Justice (Care Protection of Children) Act of 2000
(A)Observation Home
(B)Shelter Home
(C)Protective Home
(D)Special Home
19. Which of the following explains the concept of
(A)Which is morally or socially correct or just
justification or fair claim
thing which may be claimed legally or morally
(D)All the above
20. Which of the following is not a goal of the Millennium Development Goals
(A)Achieving universal primary education
(B)Reducing child mortality
(C)Ensuring environmental sustainability
(D)Improving mental health
21. Assertion Authorisation, approval or permission needed to perform certain professional tasks and activities is known as sanction.
Reason Person with problem can take help from professional social worker.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are wrong.
is correct and is the correct explanation of
is correct and is not the correct explanation of
is wrong, but is correct.
22. Assertion Due to the strong family ties women in India are sacrificing for their family.
Reason Because it is a product of social conditioning. Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true, but is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is true, but is false.
23. Assertion Socialization is a significant process of human groups.
Reason Long period of dependency allows children to learn things they need to know.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true, but is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
(D)Both and are false.
24. Assertion Relationship is the basis of all help in social case work.
Reason Personal relations can help in solving all the problems.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true, but is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
(D)Both and are false.
25. Assertion The basic theme of self-help, group is 'you are not alone'.
Reason Being member of self-help group Rekha, a widow is alone.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are wrong.
is wrong but is correct.
is correct, but is wrong.
(D)Both and are correct.
26. Assertion Panchayat Raj Institutions have been in existence for a long time, however, these institutions have not been able to acquire the status and dignity of viable and responsive people's bodies.
Reason Due to absence of inadequate devolution of powers and lack of financial resources.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
27. Assertion Quantitative research approach involves generation of data in quantitative form which can be subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis in formal and rigid passion.
Reason Because it deals with subjective assessment of attitudes, opinions and behaviour.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
28. Assertion Indian Government has initiated adequate measures for protection against trafficking of women and girls.
Reason Trafficking in India is an increase and moving towards legalisation.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are wrong.
is correct and is wrong.
is wrong and is correct.
(D)Both and are correct.
29. Assertion Right to Education ensures access to and quality of education.
Reason No legislation can ensure quality education in India.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
30. Assertion Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment.
Reason So that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for future generations.
Choose your answer from the following
(A)Both and are true and is the correct explanation of
(B)Both and are true and is not the correct explanation of
is true, but is false.
is false, but is true.
31. Identify the correct sequence
(A)Case Study, Prognosis, Diagnosis, Treatment
(B)Case Study, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment
(C)Prognosis, Case Study, Diagnosis, Treatment
(D)Diagnosis, Prognosis, Case Study, Treatment
32. Identify the sequence regarding process of communication
(A)Medium, Sender, Recipient, Feedback
(B)Sender, Medium, Feedback, Recipient
(C)Sender, Medium, Recipient, Feedback
(D)Sender, Feedback, Medium, Recipient
33. Identify the sequence of stages of learning during childhood development
(A)Innate abilities, Sensory and Motor Skills, Cognitive, Instructions
(B)Cognitive, Instructions, Innate abilities, Sensory and Motor Skills
(C)Innate abilities, Cognitive, Instructions, Sensory and Motor Skills
(D)Cognitive, Innate abilities, Sensory and Motor Skills, Instructions
34. In research the data is processed in order of
(A)Classification, Editing, Coding, Master-sheet
(B)Coding, Editing, Classification, Master-sheet
(C)Editing, Master-sheet, Coding, Classification
(D)Editing, Coding, Classification, Master-sheet
35. Identify right sequence of declarations made in the Indian Constitution
(A)Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic
(B)Sovereign, Secular, Socialist, Democratic, Republic
(C)Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Republic, Democratic
(D)Sovereign, Democratic, Socialist, Secular, Republic
36. Identify the correct sequence of stages of Group Development
(A)Intimacy, Negotiation, Orientation, Resistance, Termination
(B)Orientation, Resistance, Negotiation, Intimacy, Termination
(C)Negotiation, Intimacy, Resistance, Termination
(D)Orientation, Intimacy, Resistance, Negotiation, Termination
37. Identify the correct sequence
(A)Need Identification, Resource Mobilisation, Rapport Building, Programme planning, Programme management, Evaluation.
(B)Need Identification, Rapport Building, Resource Mobilisation, Programme Planning, Programme Management, Evaluation
(C)Rapport Building, Need Identification, Resource Mobilisation, Programme Planning, Programme Management, Evaluation
(D)Rapport Building, Need Identification, Programme Planning, Resource Mobilisation, Programme Management, Evaluation
38. Arrange the following class systems in the order in which they have developed. Use the code given below
I. Guild system
II. Middle class
III. Rise of slavery system
IV. Burgeoise system
IV, III
IV, II
III, IV, I
III, IV
39. Match the items in List-I with List-II
List I List II
(a)Thorstein Veblen Right to Constitutional Remedies
(b)Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Unsocial groups
(c)George Hasen Theory of leisure class
Group Ethnocentrism
Codes
(A)iii i ii iv
i iii iv
(C)iii ii i iv
iii ii i
40. Match the following
List I List II
Author Books
(a)Dandekar V.M. Social Work in India
(b)Gangrade K.D. Dimensions of Social Work in India
(c)Gore M.S. Poverty in India
(d)Kinduka S.K. Some Aspects of Social Development in India
Codes
ii iii iv
i iv iii
(C)iii ii iv i
i ii iii
41. Match the following pairs
List I List II
(a)The Social Division of Labour E. Durkheim
(b)Social Process C.H. Cooley
(c)Social Change T.H. Marshall
(d)Social Class W.F. Ogburn
Codes
ii iii iv
ii iv iii
(C)iii ii iv i
i iii ii
42. Match the items in List I with List II and choose the correct code given below
List I List II
(Stages) (Tasks)
(a)Oral stage Trust v/s Mistrust
(b)Anal stage Industry v/s Inferiority
(c)Genital stage (iii) Autonomy v/s Shame doubt
(d)Latency Initiative v/s Guilt
Codes
ii iv i iii
(B)iii ii iv i
iv ii iii
iii iv ii
43. Match items in List I with List II and choose the correct code given below
List I List II
(a)Transference Law
(b)Parole Sociology
(c)Cultural lag Psychiatry
(d)Decree Criminology
Codes
(A)iii i iv ii
iii i iv
(C)iii iv ii i
ii iii iv
44. Match the List I with List II
List I List II
PsychoSocial Model -1. Edwin J. Thomas
Functional Model 2. Virginia Robinson
Behaviour modification Model 3. Gordon Hamilton
(IV)Task-centred Model 4. Willium Read
Codes
3 1 4
2 1 4
2 3 4
1 3 2
45. Match the List I with List II
List I List II
Measures of Central Tendency 1. Quartile
Measures of Dispersion 2. Range
Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis 3. Median
(IV)Measures of Relationship 4. Regression
Codes
3 4 1
2 3 4
2 1 4
3 2 1
46. Read the passage below, and answer the questions that follow based on your understanding of the passage.
Social work must uphold and help to promote in its normal pursuits as also through special programmes undertaken for that purpose, the broader social values which are necessary for social development. The most important of these values in developing countries is equality. Since it cannot be asserted that all individuals are either alike or equal in their abilities, the acceptance of the value of equality means primarily the equalisation of opportunities for all individuals to growth to their maximum potential. Acceptance of the equal rights of all citizens reflects itself in a democratic polity. From equality is also derived the value of social justice, which argues the need for providing compensatory benefits to those who are otherwise at a disadvantage socially, physically, mentally, economically or in any other way. From equality also can be derived the value of secularism insofar as it asserts that the fact that individuals belong to one religious persuasion or the other should make no difference in the opportunities available to them for participating in and contributing to national life. Equality also requires that universalistic norms keep the accessibility channels open to all who have the skill, ability, aptitude or talent required for particular functions in society. Secularism and universalism also derive strength from the value attached to rationality which in turn is strengthened by an acceptance of science and the scientific method.
Another value important for social development is the commitment to national unity. By its nature it is a restrictive somewhat non-universalistic value in that it seems to be derived from a certain particularistic attachment to the concept of a nation. But developing societies need such a commitment because in its absence what they may obtain is not a commitment to the world community but rather a relapse into tribal, casteist and religious loyalties. Important from the point of view of economic development are also the values of hard work, dignity of labour, and postponement of gratification or reduction of individual wants. Willingness of workers to move to places where work is available and, in this sense, a loosening of the village and linguistic region ties is also important for industrial development. Another important attitude is the willingness to accept change, i.e., adaptability to changes in work techniques and to differences in patterns of living. Such adaptability is necessary for those who migrate from rural areas to large cities with the processes of industrialisation and urbanisation.
46. The most important value in developing countries is
(A)Social mobilisation
(B)Equality
(C)Awareness
(D)None of these
47. Which one of the values is derived from equality
(A)Social Justice
(B)Respect for elder
(C)Respect for religions
(D)None of these
48. What does social justice argue
(A)Establishment of good justice system
(B)Good governance
(C)Compensatory benefits to disadvantaged
(D)All the above
49. Tribal, casteist and religious loyalties will be relapsed in developing societies in the absence of
(A)Commitment to the world community
(B)Commitment to self
(C)Commitment to work
(D)Commitment to national unity
50. Adaptability to change is required for
(A)Migrants from rural areas
(B)Urban habitants
(C)Rural habitants
(D)None of these
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