1. Every lexical word has at least one syllable marked for:
A. Secondary stress B. Intonation
C. Primary Stress D. Rhythm
2. The term 'state of the glottis' is used more generally to refer to
A. the space between the vocal folds B. the action of the folds
C. the stricture D. the closed glottis
3. The term 'gendered speech' describes:
A. the use of polite forms of address in the speech of women and men
B. linguistic differentiation in the language of women and men
C. the use of expletives by men
D. biological differences affecting the speech of women and men
4. Identify which of the following does not constitute the functions ofthe syllable.
A. To carry the phonetic manifestations of the 'suprasegmentals'
B. To be the chief domain of patterns of arrangement ofphonemes, or 'phonotactics'
C. To act as a unit of organization in the process of speech production.
D. To help draw a distinction between a syllable and a word
5. Hapax legomena are:
A. words that occur only once in a text
B. words that occur frequently in a text
C. words that occur only twice in a text
D. words that do not occur in a text
6. The conditioned variants ofa morpheme are called:
A. Morphs. B. Allomorphs. C. Allophones. D. Allomorphemes.
7. Which of the following is a manual that lays down rules governing the socially correct use of language?
A. a pedagogical grammar. B. a reference grammar
C. a prescriptive grammar. D. a correct grammar
8. For verbs like Put and Cut the past tense form is realised-by:
A. Empty morpho B. Zero allomorph.
C. Surplus Morph. D. Portmanteau morpho

9. Which of these statements best describes the difference between 'accent' and
A. accent has more to do with stress than does dialect
B. dialects change over time, accents don't
C. dialects show lexical and grammatical differences from each other
D. accents show lexical and grammatical differences from each other
10. In Item and Arrangement Model, a is the basis of morphological analysis:
A. Word B. Morpheme
C. Compound D. Phoneme
11. Ogden and Richard's semIotlc triangle is an attempt to explain the relationship between language and meaning such that:
A. there is a direct link between words and things
B. words and things are related through mental concepts
C. words and mental concepts are the same thing
D. language and meaning are totally independent
12. The term does not refer to a Theta-role.
A. Agent. B. Theme. C. Maleficiary. D. Object.
13. The writing which lacks the non-contrastive or non-phonemic details is termed:
A. Phonetic writing B. Phonemic writing
C. Transcription D. Transliteration
14. An argument structure construction is a scheme that relates thematic roles to a form, conceived as a set of
A. semantic relations. B. grammatical relations.
C. morphological relations. D. syntactic relations.
15. State which of the following statements is correct:
A. The grammatical category of a morphologically complex word is determined by its head.
B. The grammatical category of a morphologically complex word is determined by its non-head.
C. The grammatical category of a morphologically complex word is determined neither by the head nor the non-head.
D. Morphologically complex words are not headed at all.

16. The principle of compositionality states that
A. every sentences is composed of words
B. every word is composed of morphemes
C. the meaning of a complex expression is a function of the meanings ofits constituents and the manner in which they are combined
D. every word can be decomposed into a set of attribute-value pairs
17. The International Phonetic Association was founded by:
A. Ferdinand de Saussure. B. Paul Passy
C. Otto Jespersen D. Daniel Jones
18. Two lexical items are descriptive synonyms if and only if
A. they can be substituted for one another in all declarative sentences without affecting their truth-conditions
B. they can be substituted for one another in all declarative sentences
C. they can be substituted for one another in truth conditional sentences
D. none of the above
19. Which of the following is a spoonerism?
A. stuck in the mud» smuck in the tud
B. mangoes and peaches» pangoes and meaches
C. I can't sleep» I can't speak
D.atank ofgas » agas oftank
20. The type of sound change that underlie Grimm's law can be called as
A. Split B. Merger . C. Shift D. Loss.
21. The Natural Order Hypothesis claims that:
A. different word classes are acquired in a specific order
B. the sequence of language acquisition is not L1 dependent
C. the sequence of language acquisition is influenced by L1
D. sounds are acquired in a specific sequence
22. A language universals statement "For all if x is a language, x has property P" refers to alan:
A. Unrestricted universal B. Statistical universal
C. Implicational universal D. Non-implicational universal'
23. South Asian languages exhibit a rich set of morphologically complex phenomena called:
A. Complex Predicates B. Composite Predicates
C. Coordinate Predicates D. Complement Predicates
24. The aim of linguistic typology is to categorize actually-occurring languages according to their
A. word order B. properties C. family D., syntax
25. Cuisine rods and colour charts are used in which language teaching method?
A. Silent Way. B. Communicative Language Teaching
C. The Natural Approach D. Suggestopedia
26. Which of these books was not written by Noam Chomsky:
A. Syntactic Structures B. The Language Instinct
C. Knowledge of Language D. Barriers
27. Automatic processing of natural language is for the purpose of:
A. Understanding cultures B. Effective communication
C. Economics D. Understanding languages
28. A morphological process whereby the root or stem of a word or part of it is repeated to perform grammatical or lexical function is called:
A. Repetition B. Reduplication C. Back formation D. Assimilation
29. Markov Processes are associated with:
A. phrase structure grammar B. finite state grammars
C. dependency grammars D. functional grammars
30. Which sub-discipline of linguistics may be defined as the "meaning of language in context":
A. Pragmatics B. Semiotics C. Semantics D. Relevance Theory
SECTION
(Applied Areas of Linguistics)

31. Which of the following illustrates subject raising in English?
A. It seems that Annabel is angry with Bill
B. Annabel is angry with Bill
C. Annabel seems to be angry with Bill
D. That Annabel is angry with Bill is obvious
32. Conversational code-switching (or code-mixing) constitutes part of a larger field of investigation in sociolinguistics known as sociolinguistics.
A. Quantitative B. Communicative C. Variational D. Interactional
33. Match the following and select the correct answer:
P. Speech Act Theory 1. Pustejovsky
Q. Lexical Semantics ii. Lakoff
R. Generative Semantics. iii. Alan Cruse
S. Generative Lexicon iv. Austin
A. P Q R S
B. P Q R S
C. P Q R S
D. P Q R S
34. Devising a writing system, initiating spelling reforms, cOInIng ·new terms and publishing grammars is part of
A. corpus planning. B. status planning.
C. language development. D. language documentation.
35. Argument Morphological inflection requires the presence of multiple forms of a lexeme. For syntactic inflecti'on there is no such requirement.
Reason Languages like Chinese in which lexemes have only one form have no morphological inflection.

A. is correct is wrong.
B. is correct is also correct
C. is wrong is correct
D. is wrong is also wrong
36. Speech comprehension can be divided into
A. speech recognition, parsing, and interpretation.
B. speech synthesis, parsing, and interpretation.
C. speech recognition, speech synthesis, and interpretation.
D. speech perception, speech synthesis, and interpretation.
37. What is analogy?
A. linguistic change in which an irregular form becomes more regular
B. a grammar rule that states that all past tenses end in -ed
C. the use of similar endings for adjectives and nouns in a language
D. the replacement of regular forms by irregular ones
38. Meninges refers to
A. A disease
B. An inflammation in the brain
C. The outer covering of the brain
D. The three membranes enveloping the brain and the spinal cord.
39. State the relationship that holds between the two sentences in the following set:

The employee murdered the employer.


The employer is alive.


A. entails B. contradicts
C. presupposes D. is synonymous to
40. The cerebrum is divided into:
A. the cortex and the corpus callosum.
B. two hemispheres.
C. the occipital lobe and the cortex.
D. the cortex, the occipital lobe and the corpus callosum.
41. One of the challenges faced by Artificial Intelligence in analyzing natural languages is:
A. Representation of natural language word order
B. Representation of natural language semantics
C. Training the computers to assess natural language
D. Training the computers to store large amounts ofnatural language data
42. A morphological generaJor requires as input
A. Root features B. A word
C. A word-form D. A lexeme
43. Which of the following is ungrammatical because it violates selectional restriction:
A. Annabel and Bill are unmarried
B. Annabel and Bill ate the beer
C. Annabel shooted Bill
D. Annabel worries Bill over
44. a progrmnming language.
A. COBAL B. GOBAL C. SHOEBOX D. COBOL
45. The relationship between Computational Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence is:
A. CLispart ofAI B. AIispart ofCL
C. AI is a tool for CL D. CL is no way related to AI
46. Word spurt is a stage in lexical acquisition that occurs in children between months of age.
A. 1-3 B. 6-9 C. 15-24 D. 24-36
47. Statement Every modern language is a member of a language family, even if the family has only one known member.
Statement Every language family consists of descendants of a language spoken in
prehistoric times.
Therefore:

A. Every modern language is the descendant of a prehistoric language.
B. Only known members of a language family are descendants of a prehistoric language.
C. Only languages spoken in prehistoric times have descended as modem languages.
D. Every language family has only languages spoken in prehistoric period as its members.
48. In language teaching, a core idiom is a unit where the meaning of the parts does not make up the meaning of the whole.
A. figurative B. compositional C. literal D. multi-word
49. The sentence 'TheYi told my stories about themj' IS ungrammatical because it violates:
A. Principle A of Binding Theory B. Principle B of Binding Theory
C. Principle C of Theory D. Case Theory
50. 'Do not say what you believe to be false' is part of the
A. maxim of relevance B. maxim of manner
C. maxim of quantity D. maxim of quality
51. The process wherein adolescents adapt their speech to that of their peers rather than to that of their parents and thereby reduce the structural variation in speech is called as:
A. Dialect convergence B. Dialect leveling
C. Assimilation D. Divergence
52. Identify the incorrect statement from among the following.
A. A speech act is an utterance that serves a function in communication.
B. A speech act might contain just one word.
C. Speech acts are not difficult to perform in a second language since learners can transfer their first language rules and conventions into the second language.
D. Speech acts include real-life interactions and require not only knowledge ofthe language but also appropriate use of that language
53. Social Network Theory in Sociolinguistics is proposed by:
A. James and Leslie Milroy B. Gumperz and Hymes
C. William Labov D. Halliday and Firth
54. Encyclopedia in Greek means
A. compiling knowledge B. educating old people
C. educating or developing a child D. developing existing knowledge
55. Bernstein's elaborated code is associated with:
A. Upper class B. Middle class
C. Lower class D. Upper middle class
56. The concepts of 'Linguistic Market' and 'Linguistic Capital' are proposed by:
A. Ferdinand Brunot B. Champagne
C. Normandy D. Pierre Bourdieu
57. The phenomenon of 'Hedging' is quite often associated with:
A. Women's discourse B. Men's discourse
C. Children's discourse D. Elderly discourse
58. The phenomenon wherein people feel that a word is almost there but fail to recall it and feel relieved when the word is found is called:
A. Front of the tongue
B. Back of the tongue phenomenon
C. Tip of the tongue phenomenon
D. Short term memory
59. Tagging is an important technique in:
A. corpus linguistics. B. translation studies
C. pedagogy. D. critical discourse analysis
60. The development of official policies about the ways in which the language and linguistic varieties of a country are to be used is called:
A. language maintenance B. language survival
C. language planning D. language policies
SECTION
(Areas of Research Methodology)

61. The approach in which research is conducted first and then a theory IS proposed is alan:
A. Inductive approach B. Deductive approach
C. Hypothetico-deductive approach D. Logical approach
62. Quantitative research is not associated with one of the following:
A. It is centered around numbers
B. Requires meticulous preparation and piloting
C. More interested in common features than individual case studies
D. Concerned with subjective opinions and experiences
63. The study that focuses on developmental aspects as in development of L1literacy or L2 proficiency is called:
A. Longitudinal research B. Cross-sectional research
C. Latitudinal research D. Quantitative research
64. Statements that formulate specific predictions about the outcomes of research are called:
A. Research strategies B. Hypotheses
C. Research plans D. Research outlines
65. A questionnaire can yield the following types of data:
A. Factual data B. Behavioural data
C. Attitudinal data D. All the above types of data
66. Though questionnaires used in data collection are very similar to written tests the basic difference between them is:
A. Tests are evaluative while questionnaires are not
B. Questionnaires are evaluative while tests are not
C. Both questionnaires and tests are evaluative
D. Tests are short while questionnaires tend to be lengthy
67. The most acute problem associated with collecting data through internet is:
A. The data collected is unmanageable B. The survey sample is heterogeneous
C. The sampling is not systematic D. All the above
68. Using someone else's ideas and representing them as our own is called:
A. Copying B. Transferring. C. Copyrighting D. Plagiarism
69. Book reviews, dictionaries and encyclopedias belong to the category of:
A. Secondary sources B. Primary sources
C. Peripheral sources D. Elementary sources
70. The data (like questionnaires, survey forms, etc.) that are needed as proof of your findings is included in:
A. Index B. Contents. C. Foot notes D. Appendix

71. It is necessary that in the Reference List the researcher should:
A. List all the citations used in the thesis
B. List only the primary sources
C. List even the citations found in the primary source
D. List only important citations
72. The essential quality of a researcher is:
A. To convey his findings to the world B. Publish books and articles
C. To accept established views D. To have an objective approach
73. Creativity on the part of the researcher:
A. Further strengthens the purpose of research
B. Delimits the scope of research
C. Has no scope in research
D. Sanctions the purpose of research
74. Assertion Triangulation is a powerful technique that facilitates validation of data through cross verification from more than two sources.
Reason It can be employed in both quantitative (validation) and qualitative (inquiry) studies.
A. is correct but is wrong B. is wrong but is correct
C. is correct and is also correct D. is wrong and is also wrong
75. A research article in a journal can be:
A. Both a primary and secondary source
B. Either a primary or a secondary source
C. Only a primary source
D. Only a secondary source