EIJ-49866-A 1 [Turn over
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1. Which one of the following psychologists was most likely to ask his subjects to describe their thoughts in an attempt to understand the elements of conscious experience

Sigmund Freud B. F. Skinner


Max Wertheimer WilhelmWundt


2. Which one of the following cannot be employed as a dependent variable in a psychological experiment

Heart rate Reaction time


Chronological age Subject's attitudes


3. Which one of the following structure carries information away from the cell body of a nerve cell

Astrocyte Axon


Dendrite Glial cells


4. A researcher measured Neuroticism scores of the monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. Using Neuroticism scores, he further computed the correlation between the twin pairs. If Neuroticism has a genetic basis, the correlation

For MZ twins will be higher than the correlation for DZ twins


For MZ twins will be smaller than the correlation for DZ twins


Will be the same for MZ and DZ twins


For MZ and DZ twins will be opposite in sign


5. If we perceive a thing stimulus even in its absence, it is called

Illusion Perceptual error


Hallucination Delusion


6. Match List 1 with List 2. Indicate your answer using the proper code

List 1 List 2

Pavlov 1. Trial and error learning


Skinner 2. Insight learning


Thorndike 3. Operant conditioning


Kohler 4. Classical conditioning



Codes
P QRS

3 4 2 1


4 3 2 1


3 4 1 2


4 3 1 2


7. In an experiment, the subject required twenty trials to learn a given material. After five hours, he was asked to relearn the material and required four trials to relearn. What is his saving score

20% 25%


75% 80%


8. If you consciously succeed at putting a painful memory out of mind, you have used

Negative rehearsal Suppression


Redintegration Repression


9. The concept of 'multiple intelligences' was proposed by

Cattell Gardner


Spearman Sternberg


10. Which one of the following need is related to entrepreneurial behaviour and economic development

Need for achievement Need for power


Need for safety Self-esteem need


11. Which one of the following personality model/theory is not heavily based on factor analysis

McCrae and Costa's model Cattell's theory


Allport's theory Eysenck's theory


12. The stage of the general adaptation syndrome when arousal is lowered as the body copes with the stressor is the

Alarm stage Coping stage


Resistance stage Exhaustion stage


13. During discussion on South Indian foods, Ashok stated, "South Indian food is excellent! I like different South Indian dishes very much." This statement represents the component of Ashok's positive attitude towards South Indian food.

cognitive affective


behavioral biological


14. Eye contact is an example of

Non-verbal communication Verbal communication


Neither verbal nor non-verbal communication Artistic communication


15. While using paper-pencil personality tests for personnel selection, the major problem is

the low reliability of paper-pencil personality tests


the socially desirable responding


the cultural bias of the test items


the non-availability of comprehensive paper-pencil personality tests


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16. Arrange the following four major events chronologically and indicate your answers using the given codes.
Codes
1.
Binet developed intelligence test

2.
Fechner proposed three psychophysical methods

3.
'Principles of Psychology' by William James was published

4.
Wundt established first psychology laboratory at Leipzig university



4 4


1 1


17. In an experiment on the effect of drug on reaction time, reaction time can be best labelled as

Stimulus variable Organismic variable


Behavioral variable Controlled variable


18. When not transmitting information, the inside of a nerve cell, in comparison to the outside, is

largely negative slightly negative


largely positive slightly positive


19. Which one of the following statements is not true about genes

They contain thousands of segments of DNA


Genes influence behavior directly


Most human traits are polygenically determined


There is evidence that several physical and mental disorders have genetic involvement


20. The tendency to shift the focus of our attention toward meaningful, unattended information is illustrated by

Template-matching effect Prototype-matching phenomenon


Risky-shift effect Cocktail party phenomenon


21. While studying classical conditioning, subjects would often salivate at the sight of the pan where food was kept. In this case, the sight of the pan is an example of

a conditioned stimulus a conditioned response


an unconditioned stimulus anunconditioned response


22. In a recognition experiment, the subject was shown 80 photographs 20 photographs were shown to him earlier and 60 new photographs. To the photograph the subject reported that he was shown the photograph earlier, though, in reality, this was a new photograph. In the terminology of signal detection, this would be labelled as

Hit Miss


False alarm Correct rejection


23. The view that social communication and social interaction with caregivers play a central role in cognitive development was proposed in

Piaget's theory Vygotsky's theory


Kohlberg's theory Information processing approach


24. What does the good score on verbal analogy test indicate

Good fluid intelligence Good crystallized intelligence


Good mathematical ability Creativity


25. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is shown by a specific diagram in which self-actualization is at the top. Which needs would be at the complete bottom in this diagram

Safety needs Self-esteem needs


Love and belongingness needs Physiological needs


26. At present, most psychologists believe that behavior is

Often shaped by relatively stable and enduring characteristics or traits


Minimally affected by inherited characteristics


Completely shaped by environmental influences


Driven by unstable traits and mood


27. Threat is to coping as

Alarm is to exhaustion


Exhaustion is to alarm


Primary appraisal is to secondary appraisal


Secondary appraisal is to primary appraisal


28. Stereotype is an example of

Cognitive component of attitude Affective component of attitude


Behavioral component of attitude Unconsciously hostile attitude


29. Usually, the rumors spreading in the organization are the examples of

Formal organizational communication Grapevine


Group think Management-controlled communication


30. Which one of the following motivation theory can be best used for justifying the variable pay programmes used in several industries

Arousal theory Drive theory


Expectancy theory Need theory


31. Which of the following psychologist/s contributed to the behavioristic model of psychology Indicate your answer with the codes given
1.
Skinner

2.
Titchener

3.
Watson

4.
Wundt



3 only 2 and 3 only


1 and 3 only 2 and 4 only


32. Arrange the following three types of psychological investigations in ascending order in terms of the researcher's ability to control secondary variance. Indicate your answer using the proper code given
1.
Laboratory experiments

2.
Field experiments

3.
Ex post facto field studies



3 2


1 1


33. Which of the following structure/s is/are related to speech Indicate your answer using the codes given
1.
Occipital lobe

2.
Broca's area

3.
Brain stem

4.
Wernicke's area



1 only 1 and 2 only


2 and 4 only 3 and 4 only


34. The son or daughter develops achievement motivation if parents

Are strict and punitive


Are highly protective


Are themselves high on power motive


Encourage independent behavior and value child's accomplishments


35. The figure-ground relationship was of interest to psychologists.

Behavioral Gestalt


Neo-behavioral Humanistic


36. The concept of token economy is based on

Imitation and observation learning Social learning theory


Classical conditioning Operant conditioning


37. Which one of the following was not included in Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory

Sensory memory Working memory


Short-term memory Long-term memory


38. A set of basic sounds characteristic of all spoken languages, is referred to as

Phonemes Syntax


Exemplars Morphemes


39. According to Arthur Jenson, what percent of variation in intelligence is explained by genetic factors

About 80% About 60%


About 50% About 30%


40. In the hierarchy of needs as per Maslow, physiological, safety and social needs are classified as

Deficiency motivation Work needs


Sociogenic needs Growth motivation


41. Which one of the following proposed that personality could be conceptualized in terms of cardinal, central and secondary traits

Freud Goldberg


Allport Rogers


42. At times, people experience a desire to harm others when they have been prevented by others from obtaining what they wanted. This is called

Frustration-catharsis hypothesis Catharsis-frustration hypothesis


Learning-catharsis hypothesis Frustration-aggression hypothesis


43. The conceptualization, that our attitudes are formed on the basis of rewards delivered by our parents for expressing the 'right is based on

Operant conditioning theory Information overload concept


False consensus effect Classical conditioning theory


44. An organization formed a work team of instrumentation engineers to look into a specific technical problem. All team members had formally the same status. The communication among the team members can be best labelled as

Formal communication Informal communication


Vertical communication Lateral communication


45. Annual or semi-annual ratings of each employee's performance, coupled with the feedback about the received ratings, are referred to as

Psychophysical scaling Performance appraisals


Rating inventories Graphic rating scales


46. Gestalt psychology objected to structuralism because of its emphasis on

Analysis Introspection


Mentalism Reflexes


47. Which one of the following is the preferred method in the field of ethology

Controlled experiments Naturalistic observation


Clinical method Physiological method


48. Which one of the following biochemical substances is NOT a neurotransmitter

Acetylcholine Dopamine


Pepsin Serotonin


49. According to abnormal behavior is acquired through faulty learning.

Behaviorists Humanistic psychologists


Phenomenologists Psychoanalysts


50. Simple principles describing how we tend to organize discrete stimuli together in the perceptual world are known as

Proximity principles Closure laws


Perceptual constancies Laws of grouping


51. Rotter has explained his concept of locus of control through

Associationistic theory Behaviouristic theory


Humanistic theory Social learning theory


52. Memory which holds small amounts of information for about thirty seconds or less is called

Working memory Sensory memory


Immediate memory Short-term memory


53. According to Chomsky, the underlying meaning contained in a sentence is known as

Phoneme Morpheme


Deep structure Surface structure


54. According to Sternberg's triarchic theory the ability to formulate new ideas or to combine seemingly unrelated facts is referred to as intelligence.

Componential Experiential


Contextual Fluid


55. 'Psychopathology of everyday life' provides evidence for

Conscious motivation Unconscious motivation


Deficiency motivation Growth motivation


56. Ramesh is described as well-organised, careful, self-disciplined, responsible and scrupulous. Shankar is described as disorganized, careless, weak-willed and unscrupulous. Ramesh and Shankar differ on

Neuroticism Extraversion


Openness to experience Conscientiousness


57. Frustration is more likely to lead to aggression when it is viewed

Only as unfair Only as unexpected


As either unfair or unexpected As neither unfair nor unexpected


58. The unpleasant state, we experience when there is an obvious gap between our attitudes and actions, is called

Cognitive imbalance Cognitive dissonance


Cognitive restructuring Attitudinal inconsistency


59. A top boss in an organization expressed his concern that his subordinate managers tell him what they feel that he wants to hear. This communication barrier can be labelled as

Filtering Selective perception


Information overload Distorted perception


60. Requiring students to learn Sanskrit as an aid to English grammar is an example of

Vertical transfer Lateral transfer


Downward information flow Negative transfer


61. A branch of psychology that studies the behavioral mechanisms that have changed in response to environmental pressures over many generations is labelled as

Biopsychology Psychogenetics


Environmental psychology Evolutionary psychology


62. Which of the following is/are NOT true of case studies Indicate your answer using the given codes.
1.
They can be time consuming and expensive

2.
Observer bias is a serious problem

3.
It is difficult to confidently draw generalized conclusions from their results

4.
They tend to be lacking in detailed, descriptive information



2 only 4 only


2 and 4 only 1,3 and 4 only


63. Adreno corticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted by

Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla


Pituitary gland Thyroid gland


64. Adult development is less predictable than childhood development because adult development is more closely tied to

Social and environmental factors Language and imitation


Maturational and health factors Organismic factors


65. Stimuli with strong, clear contours in which we perceive figure and ground as shifting back and forth are

Reversible figures Afterimages


Figural aftereffects Camouflaged figures


66. If a cash bonus is given to a salesperson for every tenth car sold, the schedule of reinforcement is called a

Fixed interval schedule Fixed ratio schedule


Variable interval schedule Variable ratio schedule


67. Akshay can remember very well who attended his last birthday party. Akshay probably has a good

Semantic memory Procedural memory


Episodic memory Associationistic memory


68. Which of the following are considered to be the basic components of thought

Concepts only Concepts and propositions only


Concepts and images only Concepts, propositions and images


69. Which of the following test/s is/are considered as culture-fair tests Indicate your answer using the given codes
1.
Cattell's culture-fair test of intelligence

2.
Goleman's emotional intelligence scale

3.
Miller's Analogy test

4.
Raven's Progressive matrices test



1 only 1 and 2 only


1 and 4 only 3 and 4 only


70. McClelland assessed achievement motivation primarily by

Rorschach inkblot test Objective motivation inventory


Thematic apperception test Attitude inventory


71. One of the highly probable reasons for higher scores on Eysenckian Neuroticism is

Lower activity of the brain cortex


Higher activity of the brain cortex


Lower activity of the autonomic nervous system


Higher activity of the autonomic nervous system


72. Optimists tend to be more stress-resistant than pessimists. This is likely to be due to optimists using

Problem-focused coping Emotional coping


Defensive coping Denial


73. Which one of the following attitude-scaling method was NOT proposed by Thurstone

Paired-comparison Summated ratings


Equal-appearing intervals Successive intervals


74. Which one of the following communication networks usually leads to high member satisfaction

Chain Wheel


Circle All Channel


75. At the end of the course, the course teacher wants to assess whether the students have adequately mastered the course contents. For this purpose, he/she should employ

Ability tests Achievement tests


Aptitude tests Intelligence tests


76. A perspective in modern psychology which examines the role of ethnic identity on behavior is called the

Multicultural Phenomenological


Evolutionary Humanistic


77. In an attempt to understand how traumatic brain injuries affect behavior, four accident victims were carefully observed, questioned and tested medically and psychologically. Which research method has been used in this work

Case study Naturalistic observation


Psychometric Physiological


78. Which of the following structures are primarily involved in a stress response Indicate your answer by using proper code
1. Hypothalamus 2. Pituitary gland
3. Adrenal gland 4. Corpus callosum

1 and 2 2 and 3


2 and 3 3 and 4


79. Each of the following contributes to early menarchy except

Better nutrition Heavier body weight


More exercise Better overall health


80. The difficulties in sensing different colors may be partly due to the dysfunctioning of

Rods Cones


Hair cells Cochlear cells


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81. In an experiment on learning the subjects were required to learn two lists of CVC trigrams-List A with average association value of 80 percent and List B with average association value of 20 percent. The relevant extraneous variables were appropriately controlled. From early studies, it can be predicted that

List A will be learnt faster than List B List B will be learnt faster than List A


Both the lists would be learnt with same rate No prediction can be made in this regard


82. Motivated forgetting can be explained by

Behavioristic model Humanistic model


Interference theory Defense mechanisms


83. Concepts such as triangle, mammal and multiplication are examples of

Natural concepts Artificial concepts


Morphological concepts Practical concepts


84. A subject had the same chronological and mental age. From this information, which one of the following conclusions can be definitely drawn

His IQ is less than 100


His IQ is 100


His IQ is either 100 or less than that


His IQ is either 100 or more than that


85. Indicate the objective test/s which provide a comprehensive assessment of human psychological needs.

Thematic Apperception Test


Edwards Personality Preference Schedule (EPPS)


TAT and EPPS both


TAT, EPPS, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)


86. Which one of the following theorists use classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning in explaining personality development

Adler Allport


Bandura Pavlov


87. What is true of individuals?

They see change as a challenge


They have a low level of commitment


They have a sense of external control


They are not stress resistant


88. A researcher wants to scale nine attitude statements by using the method of paired comparison. What would be the total number of pairs of statements
(B)36
72 81
89. If the accuracy of information to be communicated is the prime concern, is probably a better communication network.

Wheel All channel


Circle Chain


90. In order to continuously monitor the progress of the students, during teaching the teacher intermittently applied the multiple choice tests. This is an example of

Placement evaluation Follow up evaluation


Formative evaluation Summative evaluation


91. In a Muller-Lyer illusion experiment, the line with inward arrows was treated as a standard stimulus and the subject was required to adjust the line with outward arrows so that it appeared equal to the line of the standard stimulus. Which psychophysical method has been used in this experiment

Method of constant stimuli Method of minimal changes


Equal appearing interval method Method of average errors


92. Match List I with List II and indicate your answer using the codes given below the lists.

List I List II
(Type of variable) (Example)

Artificially discrete variable 1. Color


Continuous variable 2. Nationality


Qualitative variable 3. Numerical ability


Real discrete variable 4. Selection test results in terms of selected and rejected.




4 1 3 2


2 3 1 4


4 3 1 2


2 1 3 4


93. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by

Pineal gland Pituitary gland


Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla


94. Harlow's classic research with baby monkeys and wire or cloth artificial mothers has illustrated the importance of in early development.

Physical contact Regular feeding


Classical conditioning Freedom to explore


95. The binocular cue derived from the inward movement of the eyes as objects come closer is

Convergence Overlap


Parallel Perspective Retinal disparity


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96. A finding reported that humans can learn to read a book while wearing goggles that invert their visual field. This finding supports the view that some aspects of perception are

Modified by prototypical stimuli Innate


Guided by template matching Learned


97. Melton and Irvin explained forgetting by using the following concepts. Indicate your answer by using the given codes.

Decay theory Motivated forgetting


Response competition Unlearning


4 only 1 and 2 only


3 and 4 only 3 and 4 only


98. Once we have used a solution which works for several problems we frequently fail to perceive more direct solutions to similar problems. This is called

Availability heuristics Convergent thinking


Functional fixedness Mental set


99. According to Guilford's model of intelligence, creativity can be measured by

Convergent thinking Divergent thinking


Emotional intelligence Memory assessment


100. One of the major problems with instinct theory of motivation is that the existence of the instinct is inferred from the

Experimental analysis of behavior Behavior it was designed to explain


Physiological measures Observations


101. Match List I with List II. Indicate your answer using the codes given below the lists.

List I List II
(Personality characteristics) (Tool)

Psychoticism 1. TAT


Openness to experience 2. SVIB


Need for Power 3. EPQ-R


Interests 4. NEO-PI-R




3 4 1 2


3 4 2 1


4 3 2 1


4 3 1 2


102. People are likely to sit down and wait for events to resolve things for them, if caught in a/an conflict.

Approach-approach Approach-avoidance


Avoidance-avoidance Double approach-avoidance


103. According to the elaboration likelihood model, such activities as evaluating the strength or rationality of arguments and deciding whether its contents agree or disagree with one's current beliefs and opinions refers to attitude change through:

Consistency Consensus


The peripheral route The central route


104. A psychologist claimed that one of major problems in communication distortion is the difficulty in deriving deep structure from the surface structure of the sentences. This psychologist is likely to be a follower of

Chomsky Skinner


Sapir Whorf


105. Early detection and treatment of minor psychological disorders and thus preventing them from becoming major psychological disorders refers to prevention.

Primary Secondary


Tertiary Milieu


Question Nos. 106 to 108 Read the following data and answer the three questions following it A researcher hypothesized that the stress adversely affects the rate of learning. A group of 40 subjects was tested twice-once under normal conditions and once in stressed condition. Order of the two conditions was appropriately controlled. Under normal conditions, the subjects required 20 trials on an average, to learn the list, whereas under stressed condition the subjects required 16 trials on an average, to learn a comparable list with the same number of items and the same average association value
106. What conclusions can you draw from the above data

The researcher's hypothesis is verified


The researcher's hypothesis is partially verified


The researcher's hypothesis is rejected


The researcher's hypothesis cannot be evaluated without advanced statistical analysis


107. The variables controlled in this experiment are
1.
Stress

2.
Number of items in the list

3.
Trials required to learn

4.
Association value of the list



2 only 2 and 4 only


2 and 4 only 3 and 4 only


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108. In this experiment, trials required to learn is

Real discrete variable Continuous variable


Artificially discrete variable Qualitative variable


109. Which one of the following gland releases hormones that regulate the activity of other endocrine glands

Adrenal Anterior pituitary


Gonads Thyroid


110. Social learning theorists suggest that gender identity is acquired on the basis of

Innate cognitive mechanisms


Classical conditioning and gender schema


Classical conditioning and social pressures


Operant conditioning and observational learning


Question Nos. 111 to 115 Each of the following five questions consists of two statements One labelled as Assertion and the other labelled as Reason You have to examine these two statements carefully and decide if the Assertion and the Reason are individually true, and if so whether the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion. Select your answer to the following five questions using the codes given below and mark your answer on the answer sheet accordingly. Codes

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A


Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation


A is true but R is false


A is false but R is true


111.
Assertion The relationship between attitudes and behaviour is only moderate

Reason Other factors like the person's habits, social norms, the expected consequences of the action moderate the relationship between attitude and behaviour.

112.
Assertion Edwards Personality Preference Schedule (EPPS) employs the forced-choice

format. Reason The forced-choice format reduces the effect of acquiescence response set.

113.
Assertion Persons experiencing chronic and severe stress are likely to suffer from illness. Reason There is inverted relationship between stress and performance.

114.
Assertion There is a very high relationship between intelligence and creativity. Reason Divergent thinking is common both to intelligence and creativity.

115.
Assertion Some executives continue to work without bothering for the incentives provided

to them by the company. Reason The behaviour of some executives is influenced by extrinsic motivation.

116.
Even if the distance between the specific object and the perceiver increases, the perceived size remains reasonably stable. This phenomenon is labelled as


Perceptual constancy Illusion


Attention distraction Perceptual error



117.
An area of the brain presumed to be important in shifting new information from short-term memory to long-term memory is the


Occipital lobe Corpus callosum


Hippocampus Pineal gland



118.
Dividing a problem into a series of sub-problems and solving the sub-problems in a step-by-step fashion is referred to as


Algorithms Heuristics


Means-ends analysis Trial and error



119.
Which one of the following communication networks is most conducive for the spread of rumours


Circle Chain


Wheel Grapevine



120.
The Government declared its new health scheme with aim of preventing psychological disorders from developing in the community. The scheme focuses on


Primary prevention Secondary prevention


Tertiary prevention Bio-social prevention




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