IFS Agricultural Engineering 2002
Paper-I

Section A
1. Answer any four sub-parts not exceeding 150 words for each sub-part:
a. Design a 35 m long graded bund in sandy loam soil on a land having an average slope of 3%. The bund channel is formed by embankment only. The horizontal distance between two adjacent bunds is 70 m. The land is having cultivated crop. The bund channel is on a grade of 0.1 for the first 100 0.12% for the next 100 m and 0.14% for the rest. Assume runoff coefficient 0.3 and rainfall intensity as 20 cm/hr
b. Mention the use of air photo interpretation in agricultural application and forest conditions
c. Define farm pond. Show different types of ponds used in agriculture. Calculate capacity of a pond given the area enclosed by different contours at the site as follows:
d. Determine the size of concrete pipe needed in a drop inlet spillway for a peak flow of 2m3/sec and total head of 4m. Determine the slope to be given to the pipe to flow full. Length of pipe is 14m, entrance loss co-efficient Kc is 0.05 and friction loss coefficient Kc is 0.04
e. Discuss methods for gully control
2. Answer the following questions
a. What is cropping system? Write its benefits in agriculture
b. What is the purpose to calculate land grading? List different methods of land grading
c. Classify the land use capability depending on slope. List soil conservation measures for each class of land
d. How can soil losses be measured
e. Explain damages caused by water erosion
3. Answer the following questions
a. Show components and write uses of a chute spillway. Describe its design features.
b. Design notch dimensions of a waste weir to discharge excess runoff from a contour bunded area on a land having an average slope of 3%. Assume that the most severe rain occuring during the recurrence interval lasts for 3 hours. The rainfall intensities are such that 15 cm of rain occurs during the first hour, 18 cm during second hour and 16 cm during third hour.
Infiltration and interception amount to 6 cm water during the first 30 minutes and 5 cm during the next 30 minutes. The infiltration then becomes constant at 8 cm/hour. Calculate
c. Storage capacity of bund when water surface is at the crest level of the weir
d. Time required to fill the bund up to the crest level of the waste weir
Assume horizontal spacing of bund 60 length of bund 400 bund top width 60 cm, bund height 60 cm, side slope 1.5: crest level of weir 30cm above ground level.
4. Answer the following questions
a. Define the following terms:
I. Strip Cropping
II. Types of Terraces
III. Grassland Management
IV. Effects of vegetation on soil erosion
V. Waste weir types
b. Explain about geologic and soil mapping
c. Differentiate between dry boulder spurs and permeable spurs
Section B
5. Answer any four sub-parts not exceeding 150 words for each sub-part:
a. Answer the questions below
I. Mention five different methods to increase yield potential of an area where poor quality irrigation water is used
II. Determine the depth of irrigation water which would change 50 cm depth of loam soil into saline condition, if EC of irrigation water is 1 millimhos/cm. The bulk density of soil is 1.3 gm/cm3, the density of water is 1 gm/cm3 and saturation percentage of soil is 40
b. Explain modified Penman formula to calculate evapotranspiration rate
c. Calculate the most efficient bottom width for a drainage channel to carry a flow 2 m deep in clay soil. Compute the velocity and discharge capacity of the channel if the channel gradient is 0.05%. Permissible velocity in channel in clay soil is 1.2 m/sec and n 0.035
d. What are the benefits of drainage? Mention five different types of land which require drainage Differentiate between drilled wells and cavity tube wells
6. Answer the following questions
a. Explain Hooghoudt's equation with all assumptions and find out mathematical derivative for drain spacing
b. Explain design considerations for a concrete grain bin
c. Name five points to be considered for selection of site for pumping tests
7. Answer the following questions
a. Discuss procedure to design an efficient border irrigation system
b. Mention effect of speed and impeller diameter on pump performance
c. Write short notes on:
I. Bag storage structure
II. Morai
III. Pen barn
8. Answer the following questions
a. A sprinkler irrigation system is to be designed to irrigate 10 hectares of vegetable crops in deep silt loam soil in moderate dry climate. The field is flat. Determine the limiting rate of application, the irrigation period, the net depth of water per application, the depth of water pumped for application and the required system capacity in hectare centimeters per day. Assume system operation 14 hours each day and determine pump capacity, limiting application rate is 1.3 cm/hr, moisture holding capacity of soil may be taken as 9.5 cm/m depth. The root zone depth is 60 cm, peak rate of moisture used by crop is 5 mm/day and water application efficiency is 75%
b. Write short note on:
I. Soil wetness
II. Soil consistency
III. Saline and alkali soils
IV. Pressure plate apparatus
V. Cavitation.