How energy retention in animal body is measured by Carbon-Nitrogen balance study? How it differs from that of comparative slaughter method?

Give a diagrammatic representation of heart in relation to cardiac cycle.

Discuss in brief about the various systems of expressing the energy value of feeds and energy requirements in swine.

Write the general functions of blood in animal body.

Describe the semen collection procedure in sheep and cattle.

Write in brief on the following:

Feeding of lambs for mutton production.

Feeding schedule of calves from birth to 3 months age.

Mucosal block theory ofIron absorption:

Role of Vitamin A in vision.

Differentiate between the following:

Basal metabolism and Fasting metabolism.

Curled-toe-paralysis and polyneuritis.

Grass staggers and Blind staggers.

Net protein utilization and net protein value.

Flushing and steaming-up.

What are the common sources of calcium and phosphorus? How high intake of calcium affects . the utilization of other minerals? Explain, how 'Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism' develops in animals.

Discuss the role of endocrine glands along with their secretory hormones for cell growth.

Discuss the process of udder development during first parturition to second parturition in buffaloes.

Give the diagrammatic representation of reproductive system of a bull.

What is 'pre-natal and post-natal growth' Discuss the various factors influencing the post-natal growth in animals.

What points will you consider while formulating a ration for a dairy buffalo? A farmer gives 20 kg green maize DM, 1·2% DCP and 16% 5 kg wheat straw DM, DCP and 40% TDN) and 4 kg concentrate mixture DM, 14% DCP and 68% TDN) daily to a lactating buffalo weighing 450 kg and yielding 10 kg milk with fat during her first lactation. The maintenance requirement is 280 g DCP and 3-4 kg TDN, whereas the requirement for 1 kg milk production is 63 g DCP and 460 g TDN. Indicate the deficiency or excess of nutrients in terms of DCP and TDN.

Describe the mechanism of regulation of blood clotting and fibrinolysis by vascular endothelium.

Explain, how will you ameliorate the problem of infertility in cattle and buffaloes under field conditions.

5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each:

Importance of gene mutations in farm animals.

Production of transgenic animals.

Importance of colostrum feeding and management of new born calf.

Plan for supply of green fodder throughout the year in an organized dairy farm.

Advantages and disadvantages of individual contact method of extension.

What are two general environments in which the genes express themselves? Discuss in detail the effects of some specific environmental factors on gene expression.

How will you assess that a quantitative trait is affected by additive or non-additive gene action or both? Discuss the methods of selection for simultaneous improvement of multi-traits.

How the genetic constitution of a population can be described Discuss the possible causes responsible for the change in genetic properties of a population.

A farmer wants to start a dairy form with 100 lactating crossbred cows. Suggest a plan with respect to capital, land, dairy equipments and feeding and breeding management practices.

What are the common natural calamities encountered by animal owners in India? How will you manage to feed the animals during scarcity conditions?

What do you understand by good managemental practices? How will you develop a practical and economic rations for commercial broiler production?

What is the basis of computing inbreeding coefficient by coancestry? Describe the basic coancestry formulae used in estimating the inbreeding coefficient of an individual.

What is herd recording? Explain the purpose and types of records to be maintained in an organized livestock farm.

Discuss the cattle and sheep developmental programme for improving the economic status of farmers.