1. Draw the sectional sketch at A of a staircase with inner dimensions of 5·5 m x 3·5 m having vertical distance between the floors 3·75 m with the following given data and sketch:

<img src='./qimages/10659-1.jpg'>

Number of treads 11

Effective horizontal span 4·645 m

Waist slab thickness =220 mm

Effective cover 20 mm

Vertical reinforcement =10 mm O 120 mm c/c

Landing slab top steel 10 mm O @120 mm c/c

Flight and landing top steel joint 10 mm O @240mm c/c

Spacing' bars 8 mm cj> @180 mm c/c

2. Draw the sketch of a lintel beam of window with the following data

Wall thickness 300 mm

Lintel embedment 250 mm

Dimension of lintel beam 300x300 mm

Baton steel 6 bars of 12 mm O

Top steel 2 corner longitudinal bars mm O

Stirrups two-legged mm O @200 mm c/c

3. Describe the various types of lines and their applications, thickness and spacing as used in drawings. Give neat sketches.

4. Sketch and describe the following: 10

Flat Brick Arch

Relieving Arch

Equilateral Arch

5. Sketch the symbols for any five out of the following:

Window hinged at side

Sliding window

Two leaves door opening 90°

Sink

IWC

Brick-work

6. Explain the Perspective Projection in the following:

One-point perspective

Two-point perspective

Three-point perspective

7. Make the drawings of your chosen dimensions for the following:

Brick-work footing of a wall up to one metre depth

A column of 300 mm x 300 mm on a pedestal of 500 mm x 500 mm showing the location of reinforcement

An arch showing elements and technical details

Foundation of a lamp post