1. Traditionally, logistics is considered as 'the other half of marketing'. Explain the statement and state the reasons as to why it has gained special importance in the international trade.

2. Describe the major functions of Central Warehousing Corporation, and state the warehousing facilities it has established at port towns and other industrial cities in the hinterland.

3. "Overworked ports suffer from low level of productivity and have become costly from the users' point of view". Discuss this statement in relation to the working of Indian ports and state the constraints faced by them in providing efficient service to their users.

Describe the working of Air India and the impact of allowing private operators on its functioning.

Outline the factors a shipper has to keep in mind while selecting a liner vessel.

5. What are the various ways in which a tramp may be chartered? Explain their nature and state the distribution of responsibilities between ship owners and charterers under anyone of them.

6. Describe the advantages of and disadvantages of containerisation to the shippers. Also state the precautions a shipper has to take while committing his goods to the containerised transport.

What is Bill of Lading? Explain its main functions.

State briefly the role of International Chamber of Commerce in preventing maritime frauds.

8. Write short notes on any two of the following:

Liabilities of a carrier by sea

Trends in growth of sea borne trade

Principles Governing liner freight rate determination

UN Liner Code