How are membranes arranged in chloroplast to suit its functions?

How is cell signal transduction effected

1. Explain the basis of molecular sex differentiation.

1. Comment on nuclear pore complex.

1. What are the check points effected during the cell cycle

How genetic code regulates gene expression? Describe the molecular method of gene mapping.

Comment on cytoplasmic genes and explain the cytoplasmic inheritance with different examples.

3. Describe different methods of gene transfer in plants. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of transgenic plants.
Explain the applications of t and z tests. Discuss the significance of normal, binomial and Poison distributions of biological data.

Discuss the role of RNA in evolution. Describe the various modifications that an RNA undergoes ever since its synthesis until it reaches the stage of translation.

What is the significance of polytene and lampbrush chromosomes Describe different species of RNA with a note on their functions.




Describe the methods of conservation of endangered species.

5. Describe the structure of ATPase. How is it suited to phosphorylation

5. Enumerate the roles of Fe, Mg, Mn and K in plants.


5. Describe the functional roles of plastidial pigments.


5. Describe the structure of N2ase.


Discuss the significance of different carbon fixation pathways in plants.

Describe different processes involved in the molecular basis of fruit ripening.

7. Explain the roles of different co-enzymes in plants with suitable examples.

Discuss the roles of different hormones and enzymes involved in seed germination.

8. Describe different eco-systems. Comment on forest management program.
8.(b)Discuss the role of phytoremediation in the treatment of heavy metal polluted soil. Explain the bioremediation of hydrocarbon.