1. is the people organised for law within a definite territory' is State. Who said

(A)Woodrow Wilson


MacIver


(C)Laski


Hall


2. 'The State is a march of God on earth' implies

(A)The State is as permanent as God


(B)The State is a divine institution


(C)The State is a means to an end


(D)The State is an immortal institution


3. An authoritarian State is one, which

(A)guarantees conditions in which the individual can realise his true self


(B)commands questioning obedience to the authority of the ruler


(C)claims to regulate every sphere of the individual's life and activity


a natural organisation possessing a will of its own to promote the good life


4. Theorists who believe that 'State is an association of associations', are best described as

(A)Socialists


Federalists


(C)Anarchists


Pluralists


5. For the following group of philosophers, the State is a legal person

(A)Bentham and Mill


Marx and Mill


(C)Bentham and Austin


Austin and Mill


6. 'The State is a necessary evil'. This statement refers to

(A)Anarchist theory of State


Individualist theory of State


(C)Marxist theory of the State


Neo-liberal theory of the State


7. The Welfare State is essentially a synthesis of

(A)Liberalism and Socialism


Communism and Socialism


(C)Communism and Idealism


Individualism and Fascism


8. The most important function of the Welfare State is the creation of conditions, which ensure

(A)Fair elections


Liberty


(C)Social justice


Freedom of expression


9. Locke has used the Social Contract theory to justify

(A)Political Absolutism


Supremacy of judicial organ


(C)Liberal-democratic State


Absolute loyalty of citizens of the State


10. According to Hobbes, man may resist the sovereignty if the latter fails to provide him

(A)Welfare


Security


(C)Equality


Justice


11. Who among the following justified the absolute power of sovereign on the basis of an original and irrevocable agreement of the people to surrender their natural right to its authority

(A)Hobbes


Rousseau


(C)Austin


Laski


12. Rousseau's general will is the assemblage of

(A)Actual wills


Real wills


(C)Both the actual and real wills


Neither the actual nor the real wills


13. According to Marx, four different types of societies emerged during the course of human history. Which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the emergence of those societies

(A)Slave, feudal, primitive communism, capitalist


(B)Feudal, primitive communism, slave, communist


(C)Primitive communism, slave, feudal, capitalist


(D)Communist, feudal, slave, socialist


14. Who among the following was the first to enunciate the concept of sovereignty

(A)Aristotle


Bodin


(C)Hobbes


Laski


15. The theory of sovereignty is historically associated with the rise of

(A)Feudalism


Absolute Monarchy


(C)Democracy


Decolonisation


16. The Austinian Sovereign is

(A)The absolute political power of the State


(B)The ultimate source of juridical authority


(C)Legally and morally supreme authority of the State


(D)Unlimited power of the community exercised through its representatives


17. The distinction between legal and political sovereign was made by

(A)John Locke


John Austin


(C)Dicey


Laski


18. Which one of the following is an apt description of Bodin's theory of sovereignty

(A)Absolute Sovereignty


Limited Sovereignty


(C)Political Sovereignty


Popular Sovereignty


19. Which among the following is not a feature of sovereignty

(A)Absoluteness


Permanence


(C)Indivisibility


Delegation


20. The statement, " Rights, in fact, are those conditions of social life without which no man can seek in general to be himself as his best" was made by

H. Green


H. J. Laski


(C)Rousseau


Marx


21. Who among the following thinkers has said that a State is known by the rights it maintains

Laski


T. H. Green


(C)Beni Prasad


John Locke


22. Rights are Legal, implies

(A)Rights emanate from society


Rights are the results of some law


(C)Rights are enforceable


Law can take away our rights


23. Who says that liberty means " pursuing one's own good in one's own way without hurting the like liberties of others"

(A)Mill


Locke


(C)Nozick


Rawls


24. Who among the following is the exponent of negative liberty

(A)Green


Berlin


(C)Rousseau


Marx


25. Conception of negative liberty emphasises

(A)Freedom of choice


Absence of interference


(C)Autonomy


Self- direction


26. Which of the following belongs to the third generation of rights

(A)Right to life


Right to property


(C)Right to Rest and leisure


Right to enjoy a pollution- free environment


27. One of the following is an advocate of positive liberty

(A)Montesquieu


Rousseau


(C)Kant


Marx


28. Who expressed the view that "equality is unnatural and undesirable"

(A)Plato


Aristotle


(C)Hegel


Hobbes


29. Who among the following thinkers held the view that equality and liberty are antithetical

(A)Lord Acton


Karl Marx


(C)Harold Laski


G. D. H. Cole


30. The notion of protective discrimination is associated with

(A)Notion of equality


Notion of liberty


(C)Notion of justice


None of these


31. By 'Justice' Plato meant

(A)Legal justice meted out in courts


(B)Might is right


(C)Harmonious functioning of each part of the soul and corresponding classes in the society


(D)Each one getting what he/she deserved


32. The principle of distributive justice was first propounded by

(A)Aristotle


Godwin


(C)Spencer


Rawls


33. The Rawlsian notion of justice is

(A)Socialist


Utilitarian


(C)Communitarian


Liberal


34. Rule of law does not imply:

(A)Law must be universally applied


It is a personal phenomenon


is both written and unwritten


It is rational



35. Who described the Rule of law as nonsense stilts

(A)Blackstone


Bentham


(C)Burke


Bingham


36. Who among the following described democracy as the tyranny of the majority

(A)Rousseau


De Tqequeville


(C)John Dunning


James Madison


37. " I hate democracy because I love freedom". This observation belongs to a school of political thought known as

(A)Anarchism


Conservatism


(C)Totalitarianism


Liberalism


38. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of liberal democracy

(A)Guarantees of civil liberties and rights


(B)Government is vested with unfettered powers


(C)The independence of organised groups and interests from governments


(D)Regular elections that respect the principle of 'one person, one vote one value'


39. At which address did Lincoln describe democracy as government of the people, by the people and for the people

(A)Petersburg


Gettysburg


(C)Plattsburg


Johensburg


40. Lands gemeinde exists in the following State

(A)U.S.A.


Britain


(C)Switzerland


France


41. The system of proportional representation as an electoral mechanism ensures

(A)Majority Rule


Stability in government


(C)Common political thinking


Minority representation


42. Single- member constituency system means

constituency having only one candidate


(B)There can be only one voter in the constituency


constituency which elects only one representative though there are many candidates


constituency having only one political party to contest election


43. Under the List System of representation, the list of contesting candidates is prepared by

(A)Mutual consent of political parties


Each political party


(C)The Voters


The Election Commission


44. Which of the following countries introduced universal adult franchise in one move

(A)U.K.


India


(C)U.S.A.


Australia


45. In which of the following countries did women get right to vote in 1971

(A)Australia


New Zealand


(C)Mexico


Switzerland


46. One of the following countries has introduced compulsory voting

(A)Argentina


North Korea


(C)Vietnam


China


47. Gerrymandering is associated with

(A)Secret ballot


Delimitation of constituencies


(C)Multi-member constituencies


Indirect election


48. The main emphasis of liberalism is on

(A)Laissez-faire socialism


(B)Authoritarian State


(C)Planned economy


(D)Political and economic freedoms of the individual


49. Montesquieu is known for

(A)Separation of politics from religion


(B)Separation of powers


(C)Separation of political power from economic power


(D)Separation of public power from private power


50. Adam Smith wrote

(A)The Wealth of the State


The Wealth of the Individuals


(C)The Wealth of the Society


The Wealth of Nations



51. Classical liberalism lays emphasis on

(A)Developmental Individual


(B)Freedom as selfmastery


(C)Caring state


(D)Maximisation of the interests of the individual


52. Which one of the following does not pertain to Marxism

(A)Surplus Value


Materialistic Interpretation of History


(C)Laissez- faire


Class struggle


53. The formula " from each according to ability to each according to work", for the system of distribution in the State was given by

(A)G.D.H. Cole


Sorel


(C)H.G. Wells


Lenin


54. Who among the following propagated the idea of Cultural Revolution under Socialism

(A)Marx


Mao-Tse-Tung


(C)Lenin


Stalin


55. The following value is Marx's significant phenomenon on which capitalism flourishes

(A)Exchange value


Use value


(C)Sale value

Surplus value


56. Which of the following political philosophies has been described by Joad as " a hat, which has lost its shape because everyone wears it"

(A)Socialism


Communism


(C)Anarchism

Marxism-Leninism


57. A Socialist theory does not stand for

(A)State control of the means of production


(B)Production to be based on social necessity


(C)Social service motive


(D)Free and open competition


58. Which of the following is not an element of " Democratic Socialism"

(A)Social Justice


Revolutionary Change


(C)Mixed Economy


Welfare State


59. " A half-way house between States Socialism and Syndicalism". This description fits

(A)Fabian Socialism


Guild Socialism


(C)Marxian Socialism


Platonic Communism


60. Democratic Socialism is associated with

(A)Rose Luxemberg


Eduard Bernstein


(C)Karl Kantsky


Frederich Engels


61. Mussolini's concept of 'Corporate State' was designed to eliminate all conflicts between

(A)Capital and Labour


Capital and Government


(C)Labour and Government


People and Government


62. Fascism is opposed to all, except

(A)Democracy


Pacifism


(C)Individual liberty


Nationalism


63. Fascism views the State as

necessary evil


product and manifestation of the irreconciliables of class antagonism


absolute power over the individuals


union of families and villages, having for its end, perfect and self-sufficing life


64. Which one of the following is the most important advantage provided by the two-party system

(A)Election expenditure incurred by every party is reduced


(B)The Governments in it are more stable


(C)Party indiscipline is reduced to the minimum


(D)The Press is able to report the party activities fully


65. Which one of the following functions pertains only to a political party and not to pressure group

(A)Collecting money for the organisation


(B)Contesting political election with own symbol


(C)Organising public meetings and rallies


(D)Publishing pamphlets and leaflets


66. Which of the following would be counted as public opinion

(A)Opinion of the majority of citizens


(B)Unanimous opinion of all the citizens


total of incoherent opinion held by different groups of citizens


(D)Opinion held by effective majority based on reason and aiming at common good



67. Most favoured technique of pressure groups in the U.S.A is

(A)Boycott and picketing


Lobbying


(C)Strike


Peaceful agitations


68. Who said that "opinion rules everything"

(A)Bismarck


Napoleon


(C)Mussolini


Hitler


69. In India, partyless democracy was first advocated by

(A)Jayaprakash Narayan


M.N. Roy


(C)Vinoba Bhave


Mahatma Gandhi


70. To which one of the following major political parties in India is CITU attached

(A)Indian National Congress


Communist Party of India (Marxist)


(C)Communist Party of India


Bhartiya Janata Party


71. Constitutional Government means

(A)Representative government


(B)Limited government


(C)Government according to the Constitution


(D)Government by the consent of the people


72. A Constitution is said to be rigid if

(A)Its method of amendment is simple


(B)Its method of amendment is absolute


(C)Its method of amendment is both simple and absolute


(D)Its method is partly simple and partly absolute


73. According to Aristotle, the perverted form of government with regard to polity was

(A)Monarchy


Democracy


(C)Aristocracy


Oligarchy


74. In which of the following systems of government is bicameralism an essential feature

(A)Presidential System


Parliamentary System


(C)Federal System


Unitary System


75. The most powerful legislature in the world is

(A)Indian Parliament


USCongress


(C)Swiss Legislature


British Parliament


76. Which of the following is not an essential feature of the Parliamentary System

(A)Fusion of the Executive and the Legislature


(B)Nominal head of the State


(C)Collective responsibility


(D)Fixed tenure


77. Under the cabinet form of government, the cabinet generally remains in office

(A)For a fixed term


long as it enjoys the confidence of the popular chamber of the legislature


long as it enjoys the confidence of the head of the State


long as it enjoys the confidence of the electorate


78. In a parliamentary form of government, ministers are appointed by

(A)The head of the State at his discretion


(B)The head of the government


(C)The head of the State on the recommendation of the head of the government


(D)The legislature


79. In the Presidential System of government, the cabinet members are

(A)Elected by the legislature


(B)All members of the political party to which the President belongs


(C)Nominated by the President


(D)All elected representatives of the legislature


80. The best form of federalism suited for countries like India, is

(A)Centralised federalism


Bargaining federalism


(C)Cooperative federalism


Conflicting federalism


81. Bureaucracy in the modern State is the form of

(A)Traditional authority


Rational-legal authority


(C)Charismatic authority


Political authority


82. Which of the following is a feature of bureaucracy

is non-permanent


It is unskilled


is paid


It is political


83. In which form of government, the role of bureaucracy increases

(A)Anarchist State


Individualistic State


(C)Dictatorial State


Welfare State


84. A society is caught in a 'development trap' when it fails to

(A)Distinguish between technological change and cultural change


(B)Distinguish between structural and functional qualities of a developing polity


(C)Develop role differentiation equal to the level of growth in capacity and equality


keep pace with demands of the 'development syndrome'


85. Lucian Pye has described the characteristics of political development as

(A)Administrative, economic and social


(B)Modern, participative and nationalistic


(C)Equality, capacity and differentiation


(D)Political unification, economic development and national welfare


86. Who among the following is associated with the thesis of development and under-development

(A)Rosa Luxemburg


Paul Bason


(C)Che Guevara


Andre Gunder Frank


87. New Dependency emphasises on

(A)Surplus extraction as the major cause of underdevelopment


(B)Monopoly of trade complemented by a monopoly of land, mines and manpower in developing countries


(C)Domination of capital by hegemonic centres


(D)Investment by multinational corporations


88. Which of the following is not the criterion for understanding under-development

(A)Low level of living


Low level of productivity


(C)Low level of consumption


Low level of income


89. Which of the following Acts deprived Indian Provinces of their law-making power

(A)Act of 1813


Act of 1833


(C)Act of 1853


Act of 1861


90. Which one of the following demands of the Moderates was accepted in the Morley Minto Reforms

(A)Dominion States for India


(B)Beginning of responsible form of government


(C)Increase in size of the councils


(D)Idea of self-government


91. Who among the following transformed the Shivaji and Ganapati festivals into national festivals

(A)Lala Lajpat Rai


Bal Gangadhar Tilak


(C)Veer Savarkar


Gopal Krishan Gokhale


92. The Rowlett Act stood for

(A)Compulsory economic support to war efforts


(B)Imprisonment without trial and summary procedures for trial


(C)Suppression of the Khilafat Movement


(D)Imposition of restrictions on freedom of press


93. Who described the Government of India Act, 1935 as "a new charter of bondage"

(A)Mahatma Gandhi


Jawahar Lal Nehru


(C)Sardar Patel


Rajendra Prasad


94. Between 15th of August, 1947 and 26th January, 1950, the Government of India functioned under the provisions of

(A)The Government of India Act, 1935


(B)The Indian Independence Act, 1947


(C)The Indian (Provisional Constitution) Order, 1947


(D)None of the above


95. Who among the following introduced local self government in India

(A)Lord Mountbatten


Lord (Rippon) Ripon


(C)Lord Canning


Lord Macauley


96. Who was the first elected chairman of the Constituent Assembly

(A)Jawahar Lal Nehru


B. R. Ambedkar


(C)Rajendra Prasad


Sachidanand Sinha


97. Who suggested the name of 'Indian National Congress'

(A)Dadabhai Naoroji


A. O. Hume


N. Banerjee


Pheroz Shah Mehta


98. Which of the following is not associated with Mahadev Govind Ranade

(A)Poona Sarvajanik Sabha


Prarthana Samaj


(C)The Indian Social Conference


Bethune School



99. Who submitted the Objective Resolution in the Constituent Assembly

A. Jinnah


Rajendra Prasad


(C)Jawahar Lal Nehru


Bhim Rao Ambedkar


100. Which of the following are the taxes levied by the Union but are collected and appropriated by the States

(A)Stamp Duties


(B)Income Tax


(C)Taxes on Railways and freight


(D)Excise Duty


101. The boundary of a State in India can be altered through the procedure laid down in the Article of the Constitution

368


130





3
102. Who can issue a writ of 'Habeas Corpus' in India

(A)The Supreme Court


The High Courts


(C)The Subordinate Courts


Both the Supreme Court and the High Courts


103. The Fundamental Rights guaranteed in the Indian Constitution can be suspended only by

(A)The proclamation of National emergency


Act passed by the parliament


Amendment of the Constitution


(D)The judicial decision of the Supreme Court


104. Right to freedom does not include

(A)Speech and expression


To adopt any profession and trade


(C)Assemble peacefully without arms


Acquire, bold and dispose property


105. Fundamental Duties, include

(A)Citizens are to promote brotherhood


Citizens are to preserve heritage


(C)Citizens are to defend the country


All of the above


106. Which of the following Directive Principles was not originally included in the Indian Constitution

(A)Citizen's right to an adequate means of livelihood


(B)Free Legal aid


(C)Free and compulsory education to children under 14 years of age


(D)Prohibition of slaughter of cows and calves


107. Which of the following cases deals with the fundamental duties

(A)Keshvananda Bharati Case


Ramsharan Case


(C)Gorakhnath Case


Minerva Mills Case


108. The impeachment of the President of India can be initiated in

(A)Either House of the Parliament


joint sitting of both the Houses of the Parliament


(C)The Lok Sabha alone


(D)The Rajya Sabha alone


109. Which of the following cases prompted the Indian Parliament to enact 24th Amendment

(A)Goraknath Case


Shankri Parsad Case


(C)Keshavananda Bharati Case


Shah Bano Case


110. Which of the following amendments took away right to property from the list of the fundamental rights

(A)42nd


43rd


(C)44th


45th


111. The Vice-President of India can be removed from the office

a resolution initiated in the Council of States and approved by the House of people


a resolution in the Lok Sabha agreed to by the Rajya Sabha


a resolution adopted in a joint meeting of both the Houses


(D)Through impeachment


112. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution, the Governor can reserve a Bill for the consider­ation of the President

(A)169


200


(C)201


257


113. The area of a Lok Sabha Constituency for the purpose of general election, is determined by

(A)Delimitation Commission


Election Commission of India


(C)Census Commission


The President


114. The joint session of the two Houses of the Parliament is chaired by

(A)President


Speaker of the Lok sabha


(C)Chairman of the Rajya Sabha


Prime Minister


115. Whose permission is required to introduce Money-Bill in the Lok Sabha

(A)Speaker


Prime Minister


(C)Finance Minister


President


116. Judicial Review in the Indian Constitution is based on

(A)Procedure established by law


One process of law


(C)Rule of law


Precedents and Conventions


117. Government of Canada established the Forum of Federations in

(A)1889


1989


(C)1999


2009


118. Which Constitution of Switzerland defines a system of Direct democracy

(A)1848 Constitution


1898 Constitution


(C)1998 Constitution


2008 Constitution


119. Article 1 of the Indian Constitution resembles with federation model of

(A)U.S.A.


Brazil


(C)Canada


Australia


120. Commonwealth of Australia was established in

(A)1900


1901


(C)1902


1903