1. Translate into the ordinary language spoken in Courts using Devnagari Script:
Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State -Except as expressly provided by this constitution, every person who is a member of defence service or of civil service of the Union or of an All India Service or holds any post connected with defence or any civil post under the Union, holds office during the pleasure of the President, and every person who is a member of a civil service of a State or holds any post under a State, holds office during the pleasure of the Governor of the State.
Notwithstanding that a person holding a civil post under the Union or a State holds office during the pleasure of the President or, as the case may be, of the Governor of the State, any contract under which a person, not being a member of a defence service or of an All India Service or of a civil service of the Union or a State, is appointed under this constitution to hold such a post may, if the President or the Governor as the case may be, deems it necessary in order to secure the services of the person having special qualifications, provide for the payment to him of compensation, if before the expiration of an agreed period that post is abolished or he is, for


Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under Union or a State -No person, who is member of civil service of the Union or an All-India service or a civil service of a State or holds a civil post under the Union or a State shall be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to that by which he was appointed.
No such person as aforesaid shall be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank except after an inquiry ill_which he has been informed of the charges against him and given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in respect of those charges.

2. Translate the following Hindi passage into ordinary English language:

3. Write a precis in English of the following passage:
The most important thing is that we should have freedom of thought. This is not as easy as it sounds, for every one likes to have this freedom for himself but is not ready to give it to others when-they express different opinions. This is particularly, the case when differences of opinion arise on such important matters as religion and politics. If we refuse to let other people hold their opinions on these matters, and especially, if we try to force them to accept our own, progress is impossible. If everyone went on thinking the same thing as his ancestors thought, progress would come to an end because, as Buddha said, "What a man thinks, he becomes". So if we think exactly what our forefathers thought, we shall remain in condition in which they were. Our thought depends a good deal upon what we read and what we talk about. Therefore, if we want to think on new thoughts, we must try to study all sides of the topics, that come before us, and not be content only with what we read in newspapers or what others say.
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