COMBINED COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION (MAIN)
BOTANY
Paper-II
Time 3 hours Full Marks 200
Note: The figures in the right-hand margin indicate full marks for the questions.
Attempt five questions in all.
Question No. 1 is compulsory.


1. Answer any ten of the following 4xlO=40
Give the differences between autosomes and allosomes.
Differentiate between PS I and PS II.
"Water is a universal solvent." Explain.
Explain hydrogen bonding in water.
What are adhesive and cohesive forces?
Explain ascent of sap.
Differentiate between transcription and translation.
Differentiate between spontaneous and induced mutations.
Differentiate between Binomial distribution and Poisson distribution.
Differentiate between transpiration and guttation.
Differentiate between Northern and Southern hybridizations.
Differentiate between phototropism and photoperiodism.


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2. Answer any eight of the following: 5x8=40
Explain why cultivated citrus plant species are thought to have originated in North-Eastern India.
Explain the term ecological niche.
Differentiate between photosystem I and photosystem II.
Write a short note on 'wobble hypothesis' with reference to genetic code.
Explain the functional difference between the two membranes found in mitochondria.
Explain the technique of gene cloning.
List the major forest types occurring in India.
Write a short note on physiology of fruit ripening.
Write a short note on nucleo-cytoplasmic male sterility.
Differentiate between numerical and structural variations in chromosomes.


3. Answer any five of the following: 8x5=40
What is paracentric inversion? .
Explain 'operon' concept.
Differentiate between Lamarckism and Darwinism.
Differentiate between hybrids and cybrids. How are cybrids obtained?
Explain the role of diffusion in physiological processes in plants.
"Transpiration is a necessary evil." Explain.


4. Write notes on any five of the following in about 200 words each: 8x5=40
Crossing-over and its role in evolution
Seed dormancy
Social forestry
Pollution control


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Tissue culture and its importance
Concept of 'standard error' and its application in various research programmes
Role of RNA in origin and evolution of life


5. Answer any two of the following 20x2=40
Descrihe in detail the structure and functions of mitochondria.
Describe the use of male sterility in hybrid seed production.
What is Kranz anatomy? Where do you find it? Discuss its physiological importance.


6. Answer any two of the following: 20x2=40
Explain why temperate forests and woodlands are less productive and diverse than tropical forests.
Describe in detail the steps involved in synthesis of proteins. How does protein synthesis in prokaryotes differ from that in eukaryotes?
Write short notes on the following
Meiosis

(ii)
Sex-linked inheritance




(iii) Multiple factors Chi-squared test
7. Answer the following lOx4=40
Explain the concepts of photoperiodism and vernalization. What is meant by critical photochemical requirement for plant growth and development? In this background, reexamine the photoperiodic classification of plants.
What is parthenocarpy? Discuss its application in agriculture.
What is oxidative phosphorylation? What is its significance?
What are biomes? Explain, with examples, how climate determines what biome occurs in a region.


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8.
With suitable diagrams, critically examine the various models of
membrane systems in eukaryotic cells and state which one is the most
suitable to explain the ultrastructure and functions of the system.


9.
Differentiate between chromosomal aberrations and gene mutations. How


do the spontaneous mutations arise and what is their role in evolution? 10 30=40
10. Differentiate between respiration and fermentation. Describe the biochemical events during the process of respiration. 10 30=40
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