FEBRUARY 2018 Sub. Code: 2411
DIPLOMA IN CARDIAC NON-INVASIVE TECHNOLOGY
SECOND YEAR
PAPER I BASIC CARDIOVASCULAR INVESTIGATIONS
Q.P. Code 842411
Time Three Hours Maximum 100 Marks
Answer all questions
I. Elaborate on: x 10 30)
1. Discuss the ECG abnormalities in different types of atrio ventricular,
bundle branch and fascicular blocks.
2. Contraindications for treadmill exercise stress testing.
3. How will you analyze the Holter monitor recording?
II. Write Notes on: (10 x 5 50)
1. Discuss the importance of QT interval.
2. Normal and abnormal repolarization ECG changes.
3. Right and posterior leads placement.
4. Discuss the various types of atrial arrhythmias.
5. Discuss the procedures of Holter monitor connection.
6. Describe the ECG findings in atrial abnormalities.
7. Discuss the ECG findings in pre-excitation.
8. Procedures to be followed while preparing a patient for TMT.
9. Discuss the abnormal and normal ST segment changes in TMT.
10. What are the indications for a TMT testing?
III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 20)
1. What are the causes for left axis deviation in ECG?
2. What is a rhythm strip and why is it important?
3. What is sick sinus syndrome?
4. Causes for artefacts in Holter recording.
5. Indications for Holter reading for more than 24 hours.
6. What is the influence of beta blockers on TMT?
7. What is modified Bruce protocol?
8. What are the contraindications for TMT?
9. What is chronotropic incompetence?
10. What are the ischemic changes expected during TMT and what are the
leads that are more sensitive to ischemia during TMT?