Draw a labelled diagram of prokaryotic and describe their functions.

Molecular basis of sex differentiation

Role of mutations in plant evolution

Molecular basis of cell cycle

eukaryotic chloroplast and Student's t-test is a test of significance. Explain.

Explain the importance of numerical and structural variations in chromosomes with respect to crop varieties.

What is the significance of chromatin organization and packaging in genome?

What is apomixis? Write about its relevance in plant breeding.

Define vertical and lateral transfer of genes. Explain their importance with at least one example of each.

What are the genetic bases of male sterility?

How can a protein solution be sterilized?

Explain the significance and importance of the following with at least one example:

Gene silencing

Multigene families

Transgenic crops and their future

Explain with suitable· examples the importance and significance of the following:

Quantitative genetics

Linkage and crossing-over

Molecular maps

Sex-linked inheritance

Elaborate on the use of molecular markers in plant breeding.

Write brief notes on the following

Southern blotting

RT-PCR

Mass selection

5. Explain the following

B-oxidation

GS-GOGAT system

Phytochelatins

Biotic factors

Biosphere reserve as a part of protected area network

Describe the nature and importance of ion fluxes during stomatal movement.

Comment on compartmentation of biochemical events in photorespiration. Add a note on the significance of photorespiration.

What are the purposes and aims of Environmental Impact Assessment What are the guiding principles for an effective EIA process? Write the main steps of an idealized EIA.

Describe the physiological changes associated with the process of seed germination.

Citric acid cycle is an amphibolic process. Discuss.

What is sedimentary cycle? Explain the flow of an element showing sedimentary cycle through diagrammatic representation. What are the anthropogenic influences on such elemental cycle(s)?

Differentiate between primary active transport and secondary active transport.

What is the concept of ecosystem? How does succession influence the diversity and stability of an ecosystem?

Define sustainable development. How do global warming and climatic changes influence the endemic flora and fauna of a region?