Fill in the blanks in the following:

Sedimentary rocks are formed by the breakdown of rocks.

The fraction of nutrients actually available in the soil for plant utilisation is called

Water with heavy growth of algae often has pH value up to

The top layer of the atmosphere is where the temperature rises and may reach as high as 1200°C.

is a mixture of smoke and haze.

The phenomenon of successive increase in concentration of pollutant through a food web is called

The organism whose presence in water proves that water is polluted with faecal matter is known as

(viii) The moving component in chromatography is called

Reciprocal of specific resistance is known as

Soil sampling should be done before

Answer any five of the following:

Explain the term soil texture.

List any four adverse ecological and socio-economic problems due to big dams.

Name the different characteristic regions of atmosphere based on vertical distribution of temperature.

Explain slashing which is used to convert vegetable fibres to finished fibres.

Give one example each of a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin.

Give any two advantages of atomic absorption method over the flame emission method.

Define and give an example of a pesticide.

2. Answer any four of the following:

What is the Law of Diminishing Returns? How is it used to evaluate the soil fertility?

Discuss the two important methods of ground water conservation.

What is global warming? Explain the role of CO2 in global warming.

Define sewage. Briefly describe the various methods of sewage disposal.

How is a water sample collected and preserved for chemical analysis

Explain the different types of electronic transitions involved spectrophotometry.

3. Answer any four of the following:

Define hardness of water.. How is the total hardness of water determined

Describe the various stages in hydrological cycle.

Describe the use of ion exchange chromatography III the treatment of petroleum refinery drainage water.

Why does a paper and pulp industry require large amount of water in the production of its products? What is the nature of effluents from this industry?

What are the different mechanisms through which air pollutants damage the materials? Explain the effects of air pollutants on building materials.

Name any four alternative methods of pest control and briefly describe anyone of them.

4. Answer any four of the following:

Define cation exchange capacity of soil and explain its significance in soil.

Name the factors that influence the use of water quality criteria for various purposes. Write the uses of water quality criteria.

Describe the meteorological factors which are considered to set up an industry at a particular location.

Explain the role of soil in transmitting the infective agents from animals to humans. Take any two examples.

What are the advantages and limitations of paper chromatography?

Explain the most probable number method used for studying the soil micro-organisms.

Enlist any five chemical methods for the analysis of ambient air.

Name the common reference electrodes used for potentiometric analysis and briefly describe anyone of these.

Describe the methods used for reducing dairy waste water.

Explain temperature inversion with respect to atmospheric stability.

What is rain water harvesting? How is it done in hilly areas

Describe the role of soil organisms in the life-cycle of plants and animals.