1. The statement of Hippocratic Oath is

"I will give no deadly medicine to anyone if asked, nor suggest any such counsel".

"I will maintain the utmost respect for human life".

A physician shall always bear in mind the obligation to respect human life".

All of these.

2. Physician -assisted suicide is

euthanasia

mercy killing

at the request and with the consent of the patient

at the request and without consent of the patient

3. Which of the following term is coined by Fritz Jahr

Bioethics

Euthnasia

Assisted suicide

Biopiracy

4. The Indian Council of Medical Research is funded by

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Ministry of Science and Technology

Directly by Government of India

None of the above

5. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is located in

New Delhi

Hyderabad

Pune

Ahmedabad

6. Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) was redesigned in

1949

1965

1956

1975

7. The Health Ministry's Screening Committee (HMSC) takes decision on

National research proposals

State research proposals

International research proposals

All the above

8. Declaration of Helsinki is a set of ethical principles regarding:

Animal experimentation

Biotechnology experimentation

Microbiology experimentation

Human experimentation

9. Belmont Report explains three Fundamental ethical principles except:

Respect for persons

Beneficence

Justice

Insurance of participants

10. Which of the following phase of clinical trials is associated with screening of safety

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

Phase IV

11. The valid informed consent for research includes

Disclosure

Understanding

Competence

All of the above

12. An Institutional Review Board designated to approve, monitor, and review:

Biomedical and behavioural research involving humans

Biomedical and behavioural research involving animal subjects

Biomedical research involving microorganisms

All of these

13. Conflict of interest is not applicable to

Authors

Editor

Reviewer

Readers

14. The responsibilities of an Institutional Ethics Committee includes which of the following:

To protect the dignity, rights and well being of the potential research participants.

To ensure that universal ethical values and international scientific standards are expressed in terms of local community values and customs.

To assist in the development and the education of a research community responsive to local health care requirements.

All the above.

15. The number of persons on an ethics committee should be:

4-5

8 -12 members

15-20

20-30

16. Minimum persons required to form the quorum of ethics committee without which a decision regarding the research should not be taken is

3

5

7

10

17. The composition of Institutional Ethics Committee includes:

One legal expert or retired judge

One philosopher/ethicist/theologian

One lay person from the community

All the above

18. Drugs and Cosmetics Act was passed in the year:

1930

1940

1950

1960

19. Fresh or re-consent is taken in the following conditions:

Availability of new information which would necessitate deviation of protocol.

When long term follow-up or study extension is planned later.

When there is a change in the treatment modality, procedures, site visits.

All of the above

20. Essential information for prospective research participants is

The aims and methods of the research.

The expected duration of participation.

The benefits that might reasonably be expected as an outcome of research to the participant, community or others.

All of these.

21. The historically first international guideline pertaining to research involving human participants was the:

Declaration of Helsinki

Declaration of Japan

Nuremberg Code

WHO Ethical Guideline

22. The term 'miscondut in research' includes:

Fabrication

Plagiarism

Selective omission of data

All of these

23. Informed consent is important because:

It enables the participant to understand vital information on the proposed trial.

It provides the participant with all the information regarding remote risks.

It enables the investigator to recruit participants of his choice.

It promotes clinical research.

24. Informed consent refers to

Principle of autonomy.

Voluntary but uninformed decision-making.

A voluntary decision to participate in research, by a competent individual who has received and understood the necessary information.

Permission to participate in research.

25. Principles of Nuffield Council of Bioethics includes the following except

Sensitivity to cultural differences

Alleviation of suffering

Exploitation of vulnerable

Showing respect

26. Who cannot consent to trial participation

Healthy but poverty stricken volunteers.

Healthy volunteers below the age of 18 years.

Mentally stable but sick adults.

Medical students.

27. Plagiarism refers to which of the following:

Copying verbation without citing the source.

Stealing the intellectual property of someone else without citing the source.

Using the examples from another paper but mixing up the order so it is unrecognisable.

All of the above.

28. The golden rule of plagiarism is that all sources shall be:

Enclosed

Closed

Embedded

Disclosed

29. Researchers have a duty to avoid, prevent or minimise the risk to study participants This is based on the principle of

Non ­maleficence

Beneficence

Human rights

Justice

30. Which of the following is correct if a participant wishes to withdraw from a study

Participation is voluntary and they can withdraw at any time.

They must continue to participate as they have signed the consent form.

Withdrawal from the study has to occur through the ethics committee.

They may be able to withdraw if they negotiate with the research team.

31. Researchers must seek approval from a Human Research Ethics Committee if they intend to

Collect data from people by Interview or Survey.

Collect data by observation of people.

Perform an intervention/treatment.

All of the above.

32. The principle underpinning voluntary and informed consent is

Benificence

Autonomy

Non-maleficence

Respect

33. Which term refers to publishing several articles from the data collected in one large study?

Duplicate publication

Partial publication

Triplicate publication

None of these

34. The act of publishing the same data and results in more than one journal or publication refers to which of the following professional issues

Partial publication

Duplicate publication

Deception

Full publication

35. Ideally, the research participant's identity is not known to the researcher. This is as known

Anonymity

Confidentiality

Deception

Desensitizing

36. Assisted suicide is illegal in all except:

Australia

Denmark

Canada

Netherland

37. All are true regarding Biodiversity except:

It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems.

Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be highest near the equator.

Biodiversity is distributed evenly on Earth.

It is the richest in the tropics.

38. Following are the Non-Living in vitro systems that can be used to reduce/replace animals in

Mechanical Models.

Computer Simulation.

DNA Recombinant Technology.

Organ Bath

39. Average life span in years is false for which of the following:

Mice 1.5

Guinea pig 5 -10

Monkey 10 -15

Dog 10 -15

40. The different methods, used in detecting the status of inbred strains for their homogenicity includes:

Histocompatibility or Skin Grafting.

Electrophoresis or Biochemical Markers.

Immunological Markers.

All of the above.

41. Methods of Euthanasia not acceptable for any species is

Stunning

Electrocution

Decapitation

CO2 inhalation

42. Animal ethics is related to use of animals for:

Household purposes

Animal experimentation

Animal breeding

All of the above

43. Convert communication. In efficiencies in informed consent includes:

Language Barriers

Religious influence

False expectations

All of the above

44. Researchers should consider the following issues related to informed consent except

Mental Capacity Act (2005)

Medicines for Human use (clinical trials) Regulation (2004)

Data Protection Act (1998)

MTP Act (1971)

45. The purpose of agreements between ICMR with International Organizations/Institutions regarding International Collaboration in Biomedical and Health Research in India has been for

Exchange of scientific information.

Exchange of scientists/technicians for training under the projects.

Joint execution of scientific projects, including support in the procurement of scientific equipments.

All of the above.

46. How often does the Health Ministry's Screening Committee (HMSC) meet?

1 months

3-4 months

6 months

11 -12 months

47. All of the following are the situations where delayed consent may be needed except

At the roadside in the event of an accident.

At a cardiac arrest.

During the early stages of a patient's emergency admission to an accident and emergency department.

Chronic Lung Disease Patient.

48. Participation in research can have a number of percieved benefits for patients including:

Access to experimental treatments that may give better outcomes than standard treatments.

Increased access to members of the multidisciplinary team.

Extra investigations

All of the above

49. Any research using the human beings as participants shall follow the principles given below except:

Principle of Essentiality.

Principle of Compliance.

Principle of Non-exploitation.

All of the above.

50. Transgenic animals are used:

To study the biological functions of specific genes.

To develope animal models for diseases of humans or animals.

To produce therapeutic products.

All of the above.

PART-B Write short notes (in about 200-300 words) on any four of the following:

51. Global issues in internet based education.

52. Euthanasia

53. Covert Communications

54. Informed Consent

55. Principles of Ethical Research

56. Plagiarism