Paper-II

Section A
1. Attempt any four questions from the following (not more then 150 words for each)
a. Define normal growing stock. Discuss how normal growing stock yield table is determined in a clear felling system
b. Discuss the concept of sustained yield in forestry
c. Describe the use of aerial photography in forestry related activities
d. Discuss the role of working plan in biodiversity conservation
e. What is the importance of maps in forestry? Discuss stock maps
2. Answer the following questions
a. Define the term rotation. Enumerate the various rotations followed in the stand management and discuss briefly any two of them
b. Explain the yield regulation by gross area method
c. Describe the principles of point sampling and list the conventionally used instruments in horizontal point sampling
3. Answer the following questions
a. Define normal forest. Elaborate the characteristics of normal forest
b. Explain schematically the exact relationship between C. A. I. And M. A. I. In the forest stand managed under clear felling system
c. What is increment per cent? Show how increment per cent is worked out by using Pressler's formula
4. Answer the following questions
a. What are the bases considered in the regulation of yield? List them with at least one method employed in each one of them
b. Describe the various types of maps used in the working plan
c. Discuss the importance of temporary and fair weather roads in the forests

Section B
5. Attempt any four from the following (not more than 150 words for each):
a. What is plant succession? Write down the causes of primary succession and discuss the stages of succession on new sites of temperate Himalaya
b. What are the main defects found in wood? Describe the defects due to abnormal growth
c. What is meant by encroachment in the forests? Discuss the factors responsible for encouraging encroachment
d. Discuss the importance of economic analysis in making forestry decisions
e. Discuss the legal provisions made under I. F. A. 1927 for protection against fire
6. Answer the following questions
a. Describe the revised classification of forest types of India as proposed by Champion and Seth (1968). Give two examples for each type
b. Differentiate between:
1. Gum and Resin
2. Tans and Dyes
3. Sapwood and Heart Wood
4. Lac and Shellac
5. Floating and Rafting
c. What is shifting-cultivation? Describe the various measures for control of this practice
7. Answer the following questions
a. What are the causes of forest fire? Discuss in brief the damages caused to forest by fire
b. Plants are amongst the most important sources of medicines and drugs. Discuss with suitable examples
c. What do you understand by demand? Discuss the various factors influencing the demand of forest products
8. Answer the following questions
a. What is meant by Preservation of timber? Why is it done? Describe in brief the different wood preservation techniques
b. What are the sources of soil nitrogen in forest ecosystems? Give an account of nitrogen cycling in forest ecosystems
c. Discuss the basic objectives of National Forest Policy 1988