What are the fundamental properties of electromagnetic waves Give the units for

Permeability, and

Permittivity.

A 2z B Z and +3z.

Find A x x using dot product.

Given point and vector A 4x -3y 4z defined in Cartesian coordinates. Express P1 and A in cylindrical coordinates and evaluate A at P1.

Distinguish gradient, divergent and curl operators by giving their physical significance.

State Stokes' theorem and complete the expression

V.

Justify the answer with an example.

Write Maxwell's equations and give their physical interpretations.

A ring charge of radius b is characterised by a uniform charge density of positive polarity with the ring in free space and positioned in the X plane. Determine the electric field intensity E at point along the axis of the ring at a distance h from its centre.

Derive Poisson's equation and give its one application. What gives rise to the conduction current in a conductor?

Write the electric and magnetic boundary conditions for a surface interfacing two media with €2 and u1,u2 as their standard meanings.

State Biot-Savart law. What do you understand by vector magnetic potential? Give its unit.

Draw a transmission line two-port network diagram and write the propagation modes existing in it with complete explanation.

For a transmission line with characteristic impedance of 50 ohm and phase constant of 10 rad/m at 700 MHz, find the inductance per metre and the capacitance per metre of the line. Assume R G 0.

Define Standing Wave Ratio and draw the voltage standing wave patterns for the following:

Matched load

Short-circuited line

Open-circuited line

Using equivalent circuit of a transmission line, derive the expressions for phase and attenuation constant.

A 50 ohm transmission line is terminated in a load with ZL 100 j50 ohm. Find the voltage reflection coefficient and VSWR.

What is the significance of a Smith chart Write the centre and radius expressions for it.

Define a waveguide. Draw a comparison between waveguides and 2-wire transmission lines.

Determine the cut-off wavelength for the dominant mode in a rectangular waveguide of breadth 10 cm. For a 2·5 GHz signal propagated in this waveguide in the dominant mode, calculate the guide wavelength, the group velocity and the phase velocity.

10. Write short notes on any two of the following:

Displacement Current

Gauss's Law

Cylindrical to Spherical Transformation