FORESTRY
Paper-I
(Time Allowed: Three Hours] (Maximum Marks 200]
INSTRUCTIONS
"Candidates should attempt Question Nos. 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of the remaining questions, selecting at least ONE question from each Section. All questions carry equal marks. Marks carried by sub-parts of a question are indicated against f!ach. Answers must be written in ENGLISHonly. Neat sketches to .be drawn wherever required. Important Note All parts/sub-parts of a question being attempted must be answered contiguously. That is, where a question is being attempted, all its constituent parts/sub-parts must be answered before moving on to the next question. Pages left blank in the answer-book(s), ifany. must be ·clearly struck out. Answers that follow pages left blank may not be given credit.

SECTION-A
1. Comment critically on the following. (each in about75 words) 8x5=40
Failure of Forest plantations.
Recycling of nutrients in natural forests .
How are· mangrove forests managed in India
Successful regeneration.in a forest depends upon silvicultural system.
Basis of forest classification and why there IS need for such classification.
How snow affects the forest vegetation
Importance of plant succession in forestry practices.
Reasons of dying Dalbergia sissoo.
2. How will you classify a silvicultural system Discuss important features of Uniform system with reference to Pinus roxburghii and give its merits and demerits.
Give distribution, phenology, method of regeneration and brief silvicultural management of two tree species ·belonging to each family below: Meliaceae Papilionaceae, grown in India. 4x4=16

Briefly discuss 2x4=8
Canopy architecture in forestry
Lopping management.

3. Differentiate between the following Sx4=20
Agroforestry and silviculture
Growth and development of trees
NTFPs and MPTs
CAl and MAl
Ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.
What are ecological aspects for Selecting the tree species-? Discuss. 8"
Comment on the view that after deforestation forest fires are most important cause of forest destruction. Also give different types of forest fires and their causes, and preventive measures for forest fires. 8
'Gregarious flowering is an indicator of drought
in the area.' Do you agree with this statement

4. Differentiate clearly between natural and artificial regeneration of forests. Describe the manner in f r which natural regeneration of Teak, Sal and Deodar takes place
Briefly describe the clear felling silvicultural system with reference to Nature of crop produced . Felling system Tending .. Regeneration Advantages and disadvantages. 10
Discuss in brief the silviculture of the following spec1es Shorea robusta Bamboo species. 2x4=8
Highlight the salient features of Aerial seeding Stump planting. 2x3=6

SECTION-B

5. Answer ALL the following parts 75 words) (each in about 8x5=40
How shelterbelt and Wind breaks are helpful in sand dune stabilization and desert control
Discuss the role offorests in interception, surface runoff, infiltration of rainfall, regulation of stream flow and maintaining soil fertility.
Do forests influence the rainfall If so, how
Describe the extent, method of cultivation and effects of shifting cultivation. Suggest some suitable alternatives to shifting cultivation.
Discuss afforestation of inland sand dunes by giving their distribution, site conditions, planting techniques and species suitable in such areas.
Describe briefly the afforestation techniques adopted for Ravinous lands of Yamuna giving suitable species.
What do you know about recent progress in Agroforestry research and development in our country for sustainable development
Discuss the use of tree improvement in natural forest and stand improvement.

6. Answer ALL the following parts (each in about 75 words):-8x5=40
What are the main reasons for decline of the forest cover in our country
Give suitable forestry techniques for the reclamation of salt affected soils.
What are major ecological considerations in afforestations
Describe the afforestation in an 'undulating community land situated in the catchment, of a small water reservoir.
Distinction between Potential and Deferred Grazing.
How social forestry differs from other types of forestry
What is the role of different techniques involved in connection with conservation and multiplication of threatened species
What are the causes of forest fire Discuss in brief the damage caused to forest by fire along with its control.

7. What is D and D Who can make use of D and D and how 10
Explain the different processes of soil erosion. Briefly describe them giving examples as to how the vegetation including trees can help in conserving soil and water. 1 0
Discuss in detail the protective role of National Forests in India. 1 0
Describe the economic importance of Acacia nilotica, Terminalia belerica, Vitex negundo and Madhuca latifolia in detail. 10

8. Write short notes on 8x5=40
Source-sink relationship with respect to carbon cycle.
Breeding arboratum.
Seed orchards.
Distinction between selection intensity and heritability.
Energy flow model in ecosystem.
Ex-situ and in-situ conservation.
Heartwood and sapwood.
Exotics in Indian Forestry.