1. All of the following are the qualifications required for doing an abortion except

6 months housemanship in obstetrics and gynaecology

A post-graduate qualification in OBG

2 years of practice in OBG for those doctors-registered before the 1971 MTP Act was passed

1 year of practice in OBG for those doctors registered on-or after the date of commencement of the Act

2. Punishment under the PNDT .Act is

Five-years in jail

Ten-years in jail

Seven-years in jail

Three-years in jail

3. Which of the following is concerned with Article 21 of the Constitution of India?

Right to Education

Right to Information

Right to Freedom

Right to-Life

4. Physician-assisted suicide is

Euthanasia

Mercy killing

At the request and with the consent of the patient

At the request and without the consent of the patient

5. The first international code for research with human beings was

Nuremberg Code

Vancouver Code

Helsinki Code

Washington Code

6. Which of the following terms is coined by Fritz Jahr?

Bioethics

Euthanasia

Assisted suicide

Biopiracy

7. The declaration of Helsinki is a set of ethical principles regarding

Animal experimentation

Biotechnology experimentation

Microbiology experimentation

Human experimentation

8. Belmont Report explains three fundamental ethical principles except

Respect for persons

Beneficence

Justice

Insurance of participants

9. An Institutional Review Board is designated to approve, monitor and review

Biomedical and behavioural research involving humans

Biomedica1 and behavioura1 research invo1ving animal subjects

Biomedical research involving microorganisms

All of the above

10. Conflict of interest is not applicable to

Authors

Editor

Reviewers

Readers

11. The following kinds or types of information is exempted from disclosure under the RTI Act, 2005 except

Information, disclosure of which would prejudicially affect the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security,-strategic,-scientific or economic interests of the State

Information which has been expressly forbidden to be published by any court of law

Information which would cause a breach of privilege of the Parliament or the State Legislature

Information which is related to personal issues

12. National Rural Health Mission was launched in the year

1990

2009

2005

2011

13. Which of the following Acts was passed in the year 1916?

Indian Medical Degrees Act

Indian Drugs and Cosmetics Act

Indian Medical Council Act

Employee State Insurance Act

14. The responsibilities of an Institutional Ethics Committee can be defined as follows:

To protect the dignity, rights and well-being of the potential research participants

To ensure that universal ethical values and international scientific standards are expressed in terms of community values and customs'

To assist in the development and the education of a research community responsive to local health care requirements

All of the above

15. Researchers must seek approval from a Human Research Ethics Committee, if they intend to

Collect data from people by interview or survey

Collect data by observation of people

Perform an intervention/treatment

All of the above

16. The principle underpinning voluntary and informed consent is

Beneficence

Autonomy

Non-maleficence

Respect

17. The 74th amendment passed in pursuance of Article 40 of the Constitution of India is concerned with

Panchayats

Municipalities

Finance Department

Drugs and Cosmetics Act

18. All are true regarding biodiversity except

It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems

Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be highest near the Equator

Biodiversity is distributed evenly on the Earth

It is the richest in the Tropics

19. The different methods used in detecting the status of inbred strains for their homogeneity include

Histocompatibility or Skin grafting

Electrophoresis or Biochemical Markers

Immunological Markers

All of the above

20. During all of the following situations delayed consent may be needed except

At the roadside in the event of an accident

At a cardiac arrest

During the early stages of a patient's emergency admission to an accident and the emergency department

Chronic lung disease patient

21. Participation in research can have a number of perceived benefits for including

Access to experimental treatments that may give better outcomes than standard treatments

Increased access to members of the multidisciplinary team

Extra investigations

All of the above

22. Any research using human beings as participants shall follow the principles given below except

Principle of Essentiality

Principle of Compliance

Principle of Non-exploitation

All of the above

23. Human Rights Day is observed by the international community every year on

10th December

25th March

15th September

8th July

24. Which type of container is used for disposal of biomedical wastes of category 1

Red

Blue

Yellow

Black

25. Action of proving, in accordance with the principles-of Good Clinical Practice, that any procedure, process, equipment material, activity or system actually leads to the expected results, is known as

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

Validation

Verification

Monitoring

26. Declaration of MALTA adopted by World Medical Association is related to

Death sentence

Hunger strike

Human rights in clinical trials

Good clinical practice

27. The Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission is

The President

The member who is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court

The person who has been a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

The member who is or has been the Chief Justice of a High Court

28. For living donation, all can donate human organs without any legal formalities

Father

Brothers

Spouse

Cousins

29. Who is responsible in relation to health hazards in a factory

Employee

State

Occupier

Appraisal Committee

30. Indian Penal Code 268 is concerned with

Public nuisance

Fouling water of public spring or reservoir

Making atmosphere noxious to health

Chemical injury

31. Which type of euthanasia is legal in India?

Active euthanasia

Passive euthanasia

Both of the above

None of the above

32. The basic principle to be followed while conducting clinical trials is

Autonomy

Beneficence

Justice

Economic beneficence

33. Which of the following acts was passed in the year 1969?

Registration of Birth and Death Act

Indian Evidence Act

Drugs and Cosmetics Act

Transplant of Human Organ Act

34. Which of the following is accepted as documentary evidence without oral evidence

Dying declaration

Medical certificates

Evidence of injury recorded by the doctor

All of the above

35. Chemical waste is included in which of the following categories of biomedical wastes?

Category 1

Category 3

Category 7

Category 10

36. A 25-year-old person sustained injury in the right eye. He developed right corneal opacity following the injury. Left eye already had poor vision. Corneoplasty of the right eye was done and vision was restored. Medicolegally such injury is labelled as

Grievous

Simple

Dangerous

Serious

37. The Drugs and Cosmetics Act was passed in the year

1930

1940

1950

1960

38. Essential information for prospective research participants is

The aims and methods of the research

The expected duration of the participation

The benefits that might reasonably be expected as an outcome of research to the participant or community or to others

All of the above

39. Historically the first international guideline pertaining to research involving human participants was the

Declaration of Helsinki

Declaration of Japan

Nuremberg Code

WHO Ethical Guidelines

40. Which chapter of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act of India is concerned with the distribution and sale of drugs

Chapter IV

Chapter I

Chapter II

Chapter V

4l. Informed consent is important because

It enables the participant to understand vital information on the proposed trial

It provides the participant all the information regarding remote risks

It enables the investigator to recruit participants of his choice

It promotes clinical research

42. Informed consent refers to

Principle of autonomy

Voluntary but uniformed decision-making

A voluntary decision to participate in research by a competent individual who has received and understood the necessary information

Permission to participate in research

43. Capacity to consent to trial participation may not be diminished by

Poverty

Source of research funding

Lack of understanding

Cultural barriers

44. Forest Conservation Act was passed in the year

1984

1980

1988

1996

45. Who cannot consent to trial participation

Healthy but poverty-stricken volunteers

Healthy volunteers below the age of 18

Mentally stable but sick adults

Medical students

46. Plagiarism refers to which of the following?

Copying verbatim and without citing the source

Stealing the-intellectual property of someone else without citing the source

Using the examples from another paper but mixing up the order so it is unrecognisable

All of the above

47. Can the requirement for informed consent be waived?

Yes, at the discretion of the investigator

No, unless a designated Ethics Review Committee approves

Never

Yes, with the consent of the participant

48. Researchers have a duty to avoid, prevent or minimise risk to the study participants. This is based on the principle of

Non-maleficence

Beneficence

Ruman rights

Justice

49. Which of the following is correct, if a participant wishes to withdraw from a study?

Participation is voluntary and they can withdraw at any time

They must continue to participate as they have signed the consent form

Withdrawal from the study has to occur through the Ethics Committee

They may be able to withdraw, if they negotiate with the research team

50. Researchers can ensure confidentiality by

Using identification numbers or pseudonyms for participants

Not discussing participants in any data gathering with others

Keeping any identifying information separate from the data

All of the above

Write short notes on any four of the following in 200 -300 words each. Each carries five marks.

51. Ethical Issues in Biomedical Waste Management

52. Clinical Trial Registry of India

53. Local Self Governance in India

54. Genetically Modified Foods

55. Research Ethics

56. Plagiarism